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³Ì¦n¬OÁÙ¯à°÷¶i¦æ¤@¨Ç°»´ú»P±±ºÞ°Õ¡I³o¼Ë¤~¥i¥H¦b³Ìµuªº®É¶¡¤ºÁA¸Ñ§ÚÌ Linux ¥D¾÷¬O§_¥i¯àµo¥Í°ÝÃD°Ú¡I
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µwÅé¸ê°Tªº¦¬¶°¡G lspci, iostat...
ÁÙ°O±o§Ú̦b ¶}¾÷»PÃö¾÷¬yµ{¤ÀªR ·í¤¤´£¨ìªº®Ö¤ß¥\¯à§a¡H
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¦Ó®Ö¤ß©Ò°»´ú¨ìªº¦U¶µµwÅé¸Ë¸m¡A«á¨Ó´N·|³Q°O¿ý¦b /proc ·í¤¤¤F¡C
¥]¬A /proc/cpuinfo, /proc/partitions, /proc/interrupts µ¥µ¥¡C
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Ãö©ó®Ö¤ßªº½sĶ¡AÁ@¤@Á@¤UÓ³¹¸`§a¡I ^_^
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§Ú̪º Linux °ò¥»¤W¦³´£¨Ñ´XÓ²³æªº«ü¥O¨Ó±N®Ö¤ß©Ò°»´ú¨ìªºµwÅé¥s¥X¨Óªº¡ã
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- hdparm¡GÆ[¹îµwºÐªººØºØ¸ê°T¡F
- lspci¡GÀˬd¾ãÓ¨t²Î PCI ¤¶±ªº¦U¶µ¸Ë¸m¡I«Ü¦³¥Îªº«ü¥O¡F
- dmesg¡GÆ[¹î®Ö¤ß¹B§@¹Lµ{·í¤¤©ÒÅã¥Üªº¦U¶µ°T®§°O¿ý¡F
- iostat¡GÀˬd¾ãÓ CPU »P©PÃä³]³Æªº Input/Output ª¬ºA¡C
µL½×¦p¦ó¡A¨ºÓ lspci ¯uªº¬O¤@ӫܤ£¿ù¥Îªº«ü¥O¡A¥L¥i¥Hª½±µ±N /proc ©³¤UªºÃö©ó PCI
¤¶±ªº¦U¶µ¸ê®Æ¤@¤f®ðªº±N¥L§¹¾ãªº§e²{¦b§A±«e¡A¥i¥HÅý±z«Ü§Ö³tªºÁA¸Ñ¨ì®Ö¤ß©Ò°»´ú¨ìªº§Aªº¥D¾÷µwÅé©O¡I
¨º»ò´N»°ºò¨Ó¬Ý¤@¬Ý§Aªº¥D¾÷µwÅé°t³Æ§a¡I ^_^
°ò¥»¤W¡A·Qnª¾¹D±z Linux ¥D¾÷ªºµwÅé°t³Æ¡A³Ì¦nªº¤èªkÁÙ¬Oª½±µ©î¶}¾÷´ß¥h¹î¬Ý¤W±ªº¸ê°T¡A
¦pªGÀô¹Ò¦]¯À¾ÉP±zµLªkª½±µ©î¶}¥D¾÷ªº¸Ü¡A¨º»òª½±µ lspci ¬O«Ü´Îªº¤@ªº¤èªk¡G
lspci
[root@linux ~]# lspci [-vvn]
°Ñ¼Æ¡G
-v ¡GÆ[¹î§ó¦hªº PCI ¸Ë¸mªº¸ê°T¡F
-vv ¡G¤ñ -v ÁÙn§ó¸Ô²Óªº²Ó³¡¸ê°T¡F
-n ¡Gª½±µÆ[¹î PCI ªº ID ¦Ó¤£¬O¼t°Ó¦WºÙ
½d¨Ò¡G
½d¨Ò¤@¡G¬d¾\±z¨t²Î¤ºªº PCI ¸Ë¸m¡G
[root@linux ~]# lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: VIA Technologies, Inc. VT82C693A/694x [Apollo PRO133x] (rev c4)
00:01.0 PCI bridge: VIA Technologies, Inc. VT82C598/694x [Apollo MVP3/Pro133x AGP]
.....(¤¤¶¡¬Ù²¤).....
00:0c.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ (rev 10)
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: nVidia Corporation NV17 [GeForce4 MX 440] (rev a3)
# ¤£¥²¥[¥ô¦óªº°Ñ¼Æ¡A´N¯à°÷Åã¥Ü¥X¥Ø«e¥D¾÷¤W±ªº¦UÓ PCI ¤¶±ªº¸Ë¸m©O¡I
# ±q¤W±ªº¸ê®Æ¥i¥H¬Ý¥X§ÚªºÅã¥Ü¥d¬O Nvidia ªº¡A¥D¾÷´¹¤ù«h¬O VIA ªº¡A
# ºô¸ô¥d«h¬O Realtek ªº 8139 (¥ç§Y¬O¿ÀÃÉ¥d°Ú¡I)¡C
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°ò¥»¤W¡A§ÚÌ¥i¥H¥Ñ lspci ¥ß¨è±o¨ì¥D¾÷¤W±ªº¦U¶µ³]³Æ¡A¦pªGÁÙ·Qnª¾¹D¥L©Ò¦û¥Îªº
IRQ »P I/O port ®É¡A¥i¥H¥[¤W¡y lspci -vv ¡z¨Ó¬d¾\°Ú¡I²³æ±o¤£±o¤F§a¡I
¥t¥~¡A±z·|µo²{¤Wªí·í¤¤ªº¨C¤@¦æ³Ì«e±³£¦³¤@²Õ©Ç©Çªº¼Æ¦r¡A¨º¬O¤°»ò¡H
¨ä¹ê¨º´N¬O§Ú̪ºµwÅé°»´úªº¼Æ¾Ú°Õ¡I±z¥i¥H¹ï·ÓµÛ©³¤U³oÓÀɮרӬd¾\¡G
- /usr/share/hwdata/pci.ids
¨ºÓ´N¬O PCI ªº¼Ð·Ç ID »P¼tµP¦WºÙªº¹ïÀ³ªí°Õ¡I
¦¹¥~¡Aèè§Ų́ϥΠlspci ®É¡A¨ä¹ê©Ò¦³ªº¸ê®Æ³£¬O¥Ñ /proc/bus/pci/
¥Ø¿ý¤Uªº¸ê®Æ©Ò¨ú¥Xªº©O¡IÁA¸Ñ¤F§a¡I ^_^
iostat
èè¨ºÓ lspci §ä¨ìªº¬O¥Ø«e¥D¾÷¤W±ªºµwÅé°t³Æ¡A¨º»ò¾ã³¡¾÷¾¹ªºÀx¦s³]³Æ¡A
¥Dn¬OµwºÐ¹ï§a¡I½Ð°Ý¡A±zµwºÐ¥Ñ¶}¾÷¨ì²{¦b¡A¤w¸g¦s¡B¨ú¦h¤Ö¸ê®Æ©O¡H
³oÓ®ÉÔ´N±on iostat ³oÓ«ü¥OªºÀ°¦£¤F¡I
[root@linux ~]# iostat [-c|-d] [-k] [-t] [¶¡¹j¬í¼Æ] [°»´ú¦¸¼Æ]
°Ñ¼Æ¡G
-c ¡G¶ÈÅã¥Ü CPU ªºª¬ºA¡F
-d ¡G¶ÈÅã¥ÜÀx¦s³]³Æªºª¬ºA¡A¤£¥i»P -c ¤@°_¥Î¡F
-k ¡G¹w³]Åã¥Üªº¬O block ¡A³o¸Ì¥i¥H§ï¦¨ K bytes ªº¤j¤p¨ÓÅã¥Ü¡F
-t ¡GÅã¥Ü¤é´Á¥X¨Ó¡F
½d¨Ò¡G
½d¨Ò¤@¡GÅã¥Ü¤@¤U¥Ø«e¾ãÓ¨t²Îªº CPU »PÀx¦s³]³Æªºª¬ºA
[root@linux ~]# iostat
Linux 2.6.12-1.1456_FC4 (localhost.localdomain) 10/27/05
avg-cpu: %user %nice %sys %iowait %idle
0.34 0.01 0.34 0.20 99.11
Device: tps kB_read/s kB_wrtn/s kB_read kB_wrtn
hda 0.55 2.64 3.28 6631507 8230880
hdb 0.21 4.52 9.10 11342022 22855752
# Á@¡I¤W±¼Æ¾ÚÁ`¦@¤À¬°¤W¤U¨â³¡¤À¡A¤W¥b³¡Åã¥Üªº¬O CPU ªº·í¤U¸ê°T¡F
# ¤U±¼Æ¾Ú«h¬OÅã¥ÜÀx¦s¸Ë¸m /dev/hda, /dev/hdb ªº¬ÛÃö¼Æ¾Ú¡A¥Lªº¼Æ¾Ú·N¸q¡G
# tps ¡G¥§¡¨C¬íÄÁªº¶Ç°e¦¸¼Æ¡I»P¸ê®Æ¶Ç¿é¡y¦¸¼Æ¡z¦³Ãö¡A«D®e¶q¡I
# kB_read/s ¡G¶}¾÷¨ì²{¦b¥§¡ªºÅª¨ú³æ¦ì¡F
# kB_wrtn/s ¡G¶}¾÷¨ì²{¦b¥§¡ªº¼g¤J³æ¦ì¡F
# kB_read ¡G¶}¾÷¨ì²{¦b¡AÁ`¦@Ū¥X¨ÓªºÀɮ׳æ¦ì¡F
# kB_wrtn ¡G¶}¾÷¨ì²{¦b¡AÁ`¦@¼g¤JªºÀɮ׳æ¦ì¡F
½d¨Ò¤G¡G¨C¨â¬íÄÁ°»´ú¤@¦¸¡A¨Ã¥B¦@°»´ú¤T¦¸Àx¦s¸Ë¸m
[root@linux ~]# iostat -d 2 3
Linux 2.6.12-1.1456_FC4 (localhost.localdomain) 10/27/05
Device: tps kB_read/s kB_wrtn/s kB_read kB_wrtn
hda 0.55 2.64 3.28 6631507 8231496
hdb 0.21 4.51 9.10 11342022 22855752
Device: tps kB_read/s kB_wrtn/s kB_read kB_wrtn
hda 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0
hdb 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0
Device: tps kB_read/s kB_wrtn/s kB_read kB_wrtn
hda 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0
hdb 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0
# ¥J²Ó¬Ý¤@¤U¡A¦pªG¬O¦³°»´ú¦¸¼Æªº±¡ªp¡A¨º»ò²Ä¤G¦¸¥H«á©ÒÅã¥Üªº¸ê®Æ¡A
# «h¥Nªí¨â¦¸°»´ú¤§¶¡ªº¨t²Î¶Ç¿éÈ¡IÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A¤W±ªº¸ê°T·í¤¤¡A
# ²Ä¤G¦¸Åã¥Üªº¸ê®Æ¡A«h¬O¨â¬íÄÁ¤º(¥»®×¨Ò)¨t²ÎªºÁ`¶Ç¿é¶q»P¥§¡È¡C
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ÁÙ¦³¥Ø«eªº¥D¾÷µwÅé¸ê®Æ©O¡Iª¾¹D³o¨Ç¸ê°T«á¡A§ÚÌ´N¥i¥H¨Óª±¤@¨Ç¤ñ¸û¤£¤@¼ËªºªF¦èÅo¡I ^_^
ÅX°Ê USB ¸Ë¸m¡G
¦b²{¦bªº¹q¸£¸Ì±¡A§A©Î³\¯uªºµLªk·Q¹³¨S¦³ USB ¤¶±¸Ë¸mªº¥D¾÷¡ã
¦]¬°¤£½×§Ú̪ºÁä½L¡B·Æ¹«¡B¦Lªí¾÷¡B±½´y¾¹¡BÀH¨ºÐµ¥µ¥¡A´X¥G³£¬O¨Ï¥Î¨ì USB ¨Ó§@¬°¶Ç¿éªº¤¶±ªº¡C
©Ò¿×³o USB (Universal Serial Bus) ³Ì¦¬O¦b 1994 ¦~³Qµo®i¥X¨Ó¡A
¨ì 1996 ¦~«e«áµo®i¥X version 1.0 ¡A·í®Éªº³t«×¤j¬ù¦b 12Mbit/second¡A
¨ì¤F 1999 ¦~µo®i¥X version 2.0 ¡A³o¤@ª©ªº³t«×«h´£°ª¨ì 480Mbit/second¡C
USB ¦³«Ü¦hªºÀuÂI°Õ¡A¥]¬A¥L¬O¥i¥H©µ¦ùªº¡A¨CÓ USB port ³£¥i¥H³Ì¦h±µ¨ì 127 Ӹ˸m¡I
³t«×¤S§Ö¡A¤S¨ã¦³ Plug and Play (ÀH´¡§Y¥Î)
ªºÀuÂI¡A©Ò¥Hªñ´Á¥H¨Ó³Q¥Î¨Ó§@¬°Äâ±a¦¡¸Ë¸mªº¥Dn¸ê®Æ¶Ç¿é¤¶±©O¡I
Ãö©ó USB ªº´¹¤ùª©¥»¡G
¥Ø«e USB ªº±±¨î¾¹¥Dn¦³¨âºØ³W®æ¡A¤À§O¬O¡G
- OHCI (Open Host Controller Interface)¡G¥Dn¥Ñ Compaq ©Òµo®i¡A¥]¬A Compaq, SiS, ALi
µ¥µ¥¼t°Óµo®iªº´¹¤ù³£¬O¥Î³oÓ¼Ò²Õ¡F
- UHCI (Universal Host Controller Interface)¡G¥Dn¥Ñ Intel ©Òµo®i¡A
¥]¬A Intel, VIA µ¥µ¥¼t°Óµo®iªº´¹¤ù³£¬O¨Ï¥Î³oÓ¼Ò²Õ¡C
¦ý¤£½×¬Oþ¤@ºØ USB ªº¸Ë¸m¡A³o¨âºØ´¹¤ù³£¯à°÷±Ò°Ê¨Ã¥B¤ä´©ªº¡C
¤£¹L¡A¥H¨Ï¥Î¤W¨Ó»¡¡A UHCI ¤ñ¸û®e©ö¨Ï¥Î¡A¦ý¬O¥LªºÅX°Êµ{¦¡¤ñ¸û½ÆÂø¤@¨Ç¡A
¥i¯à¤]·|®ø¯Ó¤ñ¸û¦hªº CPU ¸ê·½´N¬O¤F¡C
¤]´N¬O»¡¡A°ò¥»¤W¡A¦pªG§A¨Ï¥Î lsmod ®É¡A·|µo²{¨ì (O|U)HCI ¤§Ãþªº¼Ò²Õ®É¡A
¨º´Nªí¥Ü±zªº Linux ¥D¾÷¤w¸g¦³¸ü¤J USB ªºÅX°Êµ{¦¡¤F°Õ¡I
³o¤]¬O¥Ø«e FC4 ¹w³]¸ü¤Jªº¼Ò²Õ¤§¤@°Ú¡I¤£¹L¡A¦pªG±zªº USB ¸Ë¸m¤ñ¸û¦h¡A
¥]¬AÁä½L¡B·Æ¹«¡B·n±ìµ¥µ¥ªº USB ¸Ë¸m®É¡A¨º»ò¥i¯àÁÙ»Ýn¸ü¤J USB Human Interface Device (HID)
¼Ò²Õ¤~¦æ©O¡I¥H³¾ôªº FC4 ´ú¸Õ¾÷¨Ó»¡¡A§Úªº¥D¾÷¬O Intel 815 ´¹¤ùªº (P-III ªº CPU)¡A
¥Ñ©ó¨S¦³´£¨Ñ USB 2.0 ¡A©Ò¥H¡A³¾ô¦Û¤v¶R¤F¤@±i USB 2.0 ªºÂX¥R¥d¡CµM«á¡A¨Ï¥Î lsmod
¥X²{¦p¤Uªºµe±Åo¡I
[root@linux ~]# lsmod
Module Size Used by
uhci_hcd 43345 0
ehci_hcd 48333 0
# §Ú¶È¦C¥X³o¨âÓ¼Ò²Õ¦Ó¤w¡ã¤W±ªº¬O UHCI ¼Ò²Õ¡A©³¤U«h¬O USB ¼W±j¼Ò²Õ¡C
[root@linux ~]# modinfo ehci_hcd
....¬Ù²¤.....
description: 10 Dec 2004 USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
author: David Brownell
license: GPL
....¬Ù²¤.....
# «Ü¦³½ì§a¡I»¡ªº¬O Enhanced Host Controller ©O¡I
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§A¥i¥H¨ì /etc/hotplug.d/ ¥Ø¿ý¤U¥h¬d¾\¤@¤U¬ÛÃöªº»¡©ú³á¡I
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§Ṳ́§«e½Í¹L USB ªººÏºÐ¥N¸¹¬O¡G /dev/sd[a-p] ¤§Ãþªº¡AÃþ¦ü SCSI µwºÐªº¥N¸¹¡A
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ÀH¨ºÐªº¸Ü¡A¼K¼K¡I¨º»ò±zªº Linux ¥D¾÷´N±on¤ä´© SCSI ¸Ë¸m¤~¦æ¡ã
¦¹¥~¡A¬°¤FÅý USB ºÏºÐ¸Ë¸m¶¶§Qªº³Q¨Ï¥Î¡A¦]¦¹¡A¦³®ÉÔÁÙ±on±Ò°Ê usb-storage ¼Ò²Õ¤~¦æ¡ã
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©Ò¥H±zÀ³¸Ó¤£»Ýn¤â°Ê¸ü¤J usb-storage ¤~¬O¡C¤£¹L¡A¦pªG¦Ñ¬OµLªkÅX°Ê®É¡A
¨º»ò¤£§«¤â°Ê¸ü¤J usb-storage ¸Õ¬Ý¬Ý¡C
¶¶§Q¸ü¤J¦UÓ»Ýnªº¼Ò²Õ¤§«á¡Aª½±µ¤U¹F fdisk -l À³¸Ó´N¥i¥H¬Ý¨ì±zªº USB
ÀH¨ºÐªº¸Ë¸m¥N¸¹¤~¬O¡I¤@¯ë¨Ó»¡¡A¦pªG¬O²Ä¤@Ó USB ºÏºÐ¸Ë¸mªº¸Ü¡A
À³¸Ó¥i¥H¬Ý¨ì¤@Ó¦W¬° /dev/sda1 ªº¸Ë¸m¡A¨Ï¥Î mount ±N¥L±¾¸ü°_¨Ó§Y¥i°Ú¡I
¸Ô²Óªº±¾¸ü (mount) »P±¾¸üÂIÁÙ¦³Àɮרt²Î®æ¦¡ (filesystem) ³¾ô¦b³o¸Ì´N¤£½Í¤F¡A
½½²Ä¤G½gªº¤º®e¥h¡I ^_^
±Ò°Ê USB ¦Lªí¾÷¡G
nÅX°Ê USB ¦Lªí¾÷¤]«Ü²³æ°Ú¡I
¥un°µ¦n USB ¦Lªí¾÷ªº¸Ë¸m¥N¸¹§Y¥i¡I¤Ï¥¿§Ú̪º usb ¼Ò²Õ¤w¸g¸ü¤J¤F¹À¡I
n«Ø¥ß USB ¦Lªí¾÷ªº¸Ë¸m¥N¸¹±o¨Ï¥Î mknod ³oÓ«ü¥O¤~¦æ¡C
¦¹¥~¡A USB ¦Lªí¾÷¸Ë¸mªº major, minor ¥N¸¹¤À§O¬O 180 0¡A
©Ò¥H¡A«Ø¥ßªº¤èªk¬°¡G
[root@linux ~]# mkdir -p /dev/usb
[root@linux ~]# mknod /dev/usb/lp0 c 180 0
[root@linux ~]# chown root:lp /dev/usb/lp0
[root@linux ~]# chmod 660 /dev/usb/lp0
[root@linux ~]# ls -l /dev/usb/lp0
crw-rw---- 1 root lp 180, 0 Nov 7 16:03 /dev/usb/lp0
[root@linux ~]# echo "testing" > /dev/usb/lp0
|
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©Ò¥H¡A§Ú³o¸ÌÁÙ±on¨Ï¥Î chown »P chmod ¨ÓÅÜ´«¸Ó¸Ë¸mÀɮתºÅv¤~¦æ¡C
«Ø¥ß¦n¤§«á¡A´N¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î cups ¤§Ãþªº³nÅé¨ÓºÞ²z³o¤@³¡¦Lªí¾÷Åo¡I ^_^¡C
¨Æ¹ê¤W¡A°£¤F¤ñ¸û¦´Áªº Linux distributions ¤§¥~¡A¸û·sªº distributions
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¦Ü©ó USB ¦Lªí¾÷ªº¹ê»ÚÅX°Ê¡A§ÚÌÁÙ±onÄ~Äò CUPS ³¹¸`ªº¤º®e¤~¦æ³á¡I
¨Ï¥Î lm_sensors ¨ú±o·Å«×¡B¹qÀ£µ¥¸ê°T
ª±¹q¸£µwÅ骺ªB¤Í̤@©w³£Å¥¹L©Ò¿×ªº¡y¶WÀW¡z³oª±·N¨à¡A©Ò¿×ªº¡y¶WÀW¡z´N¬OÅý¨t²Î즳ªº¹B§@®É¯ß¼W¥[¡A
Åý CPU/PCI/AGI «eºÝ¶×¬y±Æ³t«×´£¤É¨ì«D¥¿³WªºÀW²v¡A¥H¨ú±o¸û°ªªº¹q¸£®Ä¯à¡C
³o¦b¦´Á¹ï©ó³æ»ùÁÙ¬O«Ü¶Qªº¹q¸£¨Ó»¡¡A¥i¥HÅý§Ú̪á¤ñ¸û¤Öªº¿ú¥hÀò±o¤ñ¸û°ª®Ä¯àªº¹q¸£ù¡I
¤£¹L¡A¶WÀWnª`·Nªº¦a¤è¥i¤£¤Ö¡A¥]¬A¹qÀ£¤£¥i°ª¥X CPU ªºt²ü¡BCPU ·®°¥²¶·n±j¦³¤O¡A
ÁקK¦]¬°·Å«×¹L°ª¾ÉP¨t²Î·í¾÷µ¥µ¥¡C
¤£¹L²{¤µªº¹q¸£³t«×¤w¸g°÷§Ö¤F¡A§Ú̪º Linux ¥D¾÷¤]¹ê¦b¤£«Øij±z¶WÀW¡A
¦]¬°¾ãÅé®Ä¯à¥i¯à¼W¥[¤£¤F¦h¤Ö¡A¦ý¬O«o·|Åý±zªº¥D¾÷¹Ø©R´î¤Ö¡B¨t²Î¤£Ã©w©O¡I
¦Ó¥Ñ¦´Á¶WÀWªº¡y§Þ³N°ö¾i¡z¹Lµ{·í¤¤¡A§Ú̪¾¹D¡y CPU ªº·Å«×¡B¨t²Îªº¬ÛÃö¹qÀ£¡z
¬O¼vÅT¥D¾÷¬O§_éwªº¤@¶µ«n«ü¼Ð³á¡I©Ò¥HÅo¡A¦pªG¯à°÷ÀH®É´x´¤·Å«×¡B¹qÀ£¡A
¨ä¹ê¹ï©ó¨t²ÎÁÙ¬O¦³¤@©wµ{«×ªººÊ±±°Õ¡C
¨ä¹ê¦U¤j¥Dn¥D¾÷ªO°Ó»P´¹¤ù²Õ¡A³£·|¦³·Å«×¡BÀ£¤Oªº°»´ú¾¹¦b¥D¾÷¤º¡A
³oÓ§ÚÌ¥i¥H¦b¥D¾÷ªO¾Þ§@¤â¥U©ÎªÌ¬O¦b BIOS ¤ºªº¡y Monitor ¡z¶µ¥Ø§ä¨ì¬ÛÃöªº·Å«×¡BÀ£¤O¸ê®Æ¡C
¦b Windows ¨t²Î·í¤¤¡A¼t°Ó¦³±À¥X¬ÛÃöªº³nÅé¨Ó°»´ú¡A¨º»ò¦b Linux ·í¤¤©O¡H¨þ¨þ¡I¤]¬O¦³°Ú¡I¨º´N¬O
lm_sensors ³o®M¦n¥ÎªºªF¦è¤F¡I
»P¤§«eª©¥»¤£¦Pªº¬O¡AFC4 ¤w¸g¤º«Ø¤F³oÓ lm_sensors ®M¥ó¤F¡A©Ò¥H§Ṳ́£»Ýn¤â°Ê¥h¦w¸Ë¥L¡I
¯u¬O¦n°ª¿³°Ú¡ãÀˬd¬Ý¬Ý±zªº¥D¾÷¬O§_¦³³oÓª±·N¨à§a¡I
[root@linux ~]# rpm -qa | grep lm_sensors
lm_sensors-2.9.1-3.FC4.2
|
¦pªG±zªº Linux distributions ¬O¤ñ¸û¦´Áªºª©¥»¡A¨º»ò´N¥u¦n½Ð±z¦Û¦æ«e©¹
http://www2.lm-sensors.nu/~lm78/ ©x¤èºô¯¸ª½±µ¤U¸ü tarball
¨Ã¥B¦w¸Ë¥LÅo¡ã¦pªG±z¨Ï¥Îªº¬O FC3 ©Î FC4 ¡A¨º»ò§ÚÌ´Nª½±µ¨Ó³B²z§a¡I
¥Ñ©ó lm_sensors ¥Dn¬O¨Ì¾Ú¡y¥D¾÷ªO´¹¤ù²Õªº«¬¸¹¡A±a¤J¬ÛÃöªº¼Ò²Õ«á¡A¦A°»´ú¨ä·Å«×¡BÀ£¤O¡zªº¡A
¦pªG¸Ó¥D¾÷ªO´¹¤ù²Õ¨Ã¤£¬O lm_sensors ©Ò¤ä´©ªº¼Ò²Õ¡A¨º¦ÛµM´NµLªk§ä¥X¸Ó´¹¤ù²Õªº·ÅÀ£Åo¡ã
©Ò¥H°Õ¡A§Ú̦b¨Ï¥Î lm_sensors ¤§«e¡A¥²¶·n½T©w¥D¾÷ªO¬O¦³´£¨Ñ·Å«×¡B¹qÀ£ªº¡A
¦A¨Ó¡A¥²¶·n¸ü¤J¥D¾÷ªOªºÅX°Ê¼Ò²Õ¡AµM«á¤~¦³¿ìªk¨Ï¥Î lm_sensors ¨Ó¶i¦æ°»´ú¡C
¦Ó¡A¦n®ø®§¬O¡A lm_sensors ¥»¨Ó´N´£¨Ñ§Ṳ́@Ó¤£¿ùªº¥D¾÷ªO´¹¤ù²Õ°»´úµ{¦¡¡A
¨º´N¬O sensors-detect ³oÓ«ü¥O¡C°»´ú¨ì¥D¾÷ªO´¹¤ù²Õ«á¡A±N¸Ó¸ê°T¼g¤J³]©wÀÉ·í¤¤¡A
´N¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î sensors «ü¥Oª½±µÅª¨ú¥Ø«eªº CPU¡B¾÷´ß¡B¹q·½¡B·®°µ¥µ¥ªº¸ê°T¤F¡I
ª½±µ¨Ó§@¬Ý¬Ý§a¡I
1. ¥ý°»´ú¥D¾÷ªOªº´¹¤ù²Õ°Ú¡I
[root@linux ~]# sensors-detect
# ¶}ÀY·|¦³¤@¨Ç²³æªº»¡©ú¡A¬Ý¬Ý´N¦n¡I
It is generally safe and recommended to accept the default answers to all
questions, unless you know what you're doing.
We can start with probing for (PCI) I2C or SMBus adapters.
You do not need any special privileges for this.
Do you want to probe now? (YES/no): y
Probing for PCI bus adapters...
Use driver `rivatv' for device 01:00.0: GeForce2 MX
Use driver `i2c-viapro' for device 00:07.4: VIA Technologies VT82C686 Apollo ACPI
Probe succesfully concluded.
# ±µ¤U¨Óªº¦æ¬°·í¤¤¡A¤Ï¥¿§A´N¤@ª½«ö Enter ´N¥i¥H¤F¡IÅý¥L¦Û°Ê¥h°»´ú¡I
I will now generate the commands needed to load the I2C modules.
Sometimes, a chip is available both through the ISA bus and an I2C bus.
ISA bus access is faster, but you need to load an additional driver module
for it. If you have the choice, do you want to use the ISA bus or the
I2C/SMBus (ISA/smbus)?
To make the sensors modules behave correctly, add these lines to
/etc/modules.conf:
#----cut here----
# I2C module options
alias char-major-89 i2c-dev
#----cut here----
To load everything that is needed, add this to some /etc/rc* file:
#----cut here----
# I2C adapter drivers
modprobe i2c-viapro
modprobe i2c-isa
# I2C chip drivers
modprobe eeprom
modprobe via686a
# sleep 2 # optional
/usr/bin/sensors -s # recommended
#----cut here----
# ¤W±ªºÃöÁä¬O«ÂI¡I§i¶D§An¦p¦ó¸ü¤J¼Ò²Õªº¤@Ó²³æªº½d¨Ò°Ú¡I
Do you want to generate /etc/sysconfig/lm_sensors? (YES/no):
Copy prog/init/lm_sensors.init to /etc/rc.d/init.d/lm_sensors
for initialization at boot time.
# ¦pªG·Qn½T»{¤@¤U sensors-detect °»´ú¨ìªºµ²ªG¬O§_¥¿½T¡A
# ¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î lspci ¬d¾\¤@¤U³á¡I³¾ôªº¨Ò¤l·í¤¤¡A¬O³o¼Ëªº¡G
[root@linux ~]# lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: VIA Technologies, Inc. VT82C693A/694x [Apollo PRO133x] (rev c4)
00:01.0 PCI bridge: VIA Technologies, Inc. VT82C598/694x [Apollo MVP3/Pro133x AGP]
00:07.0 ISA bridge: VIA Technologies, Inc. VT82C686 [Apollo Super South] (rev 22)
# ½T¹ê§ä¨ìªº¬O VIA ªº´¹¤ù¡I¨S¦³°ÝÃD¡I
2. ¶}©l¸ü¤J¼Ò²Õ»Pקï¤@¨Ç³]©w¸ê®ÆÀÉ®×°Ú¡I
[root@linux ~]# vi /etc/modprobe.conf
alias char-major-89 i2c-dev
# ±Nèè°»´ú¨ìªº¼Ò²Õµ¹¥L¼g¤J¨ì³oÓÀÉ®×·í¤¤¡I³o¬O kernel 2.6 ª©ªº¡I
# ¦pªG¬O¦´Áªº kernel 2.4 ®Ö¤ß¡A¨º´N¼g¨ì /etc/modules.conf ·í¤¤¡I
[root@linux ~]# vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
# Adding the sensor for VIA 686A Chip
/sbin/modprobe i2c-isa
/sbin/modprobe via686a
sleep 2
/usr/bin/sensors -s
# ÁöµM sensors-detect §Æ±æ§Ú¥i¥H¸ü¤J¥|Ó¼Ò²Õ¡A¤£¹L¡A³¾ô¤ÀªRªºµ²ªG¡A
# µo²{§Ú¥un¨âÓ¼Ò²Õ¸ü¤J§Y¥i¡ã©Ò¥H¡A³o¸Ì§Ú¦³¬Ù¥h¨âÓ modules ªº¸ü¤J³á¡I
# ·íµM°Õ¡I«Øij§AÁÙn¬Ý¤@¬Ý /etc/sysconfig/lm_sensors Àɮתº¤º®e¡A´N¤ñ¸û§ó²M·¡¤F¡I
[root@linux ~]# sync; sync; reboot
# ÁöµM¥i¥Hª½±µ§Q¥Î¤Wzªº«ü¥O¦b bash ·í¤¤ª½±µ³B²z¡A¤£¹L§Ú¤£³ßÅw³o¼Ë¡A©Ò¥HÅo¡A
# ª½±µµ¹¥L«·s±Ò°Ê¨t²Î¡A´N OK °Õ¡I¥t¥~¡AÆ[¹î¤@¤U¬O§_¶}¾÷§Y±Ò°Ê lm_sensors¡H
[root@linux ~]# chkconfig --list | grep lm_sensors
lm_sensors 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
3. ´ú¸Õ°»´ú¥D¾÷ªºª¬ªp¡I
[root@linux ~]# sensors
via686a-isa-6000
Adapter: ISA adapter
CPU1 core: +1.73 V (min = +1.65 V, max = +1.90 V)
CPU2 core: +1.73 V (min = +1.65 V, max = +1.90 V)
I/O: +3.42 V (min = +3.12 V, max = +3.45 V)
+5V: +5.18 V (min = +4.73 V, max = +5.20 V)
+12V: +12.24 V (min = +11.35 V, max = +12.48 V)
CPU1 Fan: 4963 RPM (min = 3000 RPM, div = 2)
CPU2 Fan: 5232 RPM (min = 3000 RPM, div = 2)
CPU1 Temp: +39.7¢XC (high = +65¢XC, hyst = +55¢XC)
CPU2 Temp: +40.4¢XC (high = +65¢XC, hyst = +55¢XC)
SBr Temp: +23.3¢XC (high = +65¢XC, hyst = +60¢XC)
# ¨þ¨þ¨þ¨þ¡I¤£¦ý¥i¥H¬Ý¨ì·Å«×¡B¹qÀ£¡AÁÙ¦³·®°Âà³t¡A¹ê¦b¤Ó§¹¬ü¤F¡I
# «x¡I«ç»ò·|¬OÂù CPU °Ú¡I¨þ¨þ¡I¦]¬°³¾ôªº¥D¾÷ªO (³oÓ´ú¸Õªº¥¥x) ¬OÂù CPU ¥¥x¡A
# ¦ý¬O lm_sensors ¨Ã¨S¦³À°§Ú¥D°Êªº¤À¥XÂù CPU ¡A©Ò¥H¡A³¾ô¬O¦Û¦æ¶i¤J³]©wÀÉ¡A
# ¥ç§Y¬O /etc/sensors.conf ¥h¶i¦æ×qªº¤u§@¡I
|
°ò¥»¤W¡A¥un³o¼Ëªº¨BÆJ¡A±zªº¥D¾÷´N¥i¥H¥D°Êªº°»´ú·Å«×»P¹qÀ£¡AÁÙ¦³·®°Âà³tµ¥µ¥¸ê°T¡C
¤£¹L¡A¨Æ¹ê¤W¡A¥Ñ©ó¥D¾÷ªO³]pªº¤£¦P¡A©Ò¥H°»´úªºµ²ªG«Ü¦³¥i¯à¬O¦³»~®tªº¡C¥H³¾ôªº±¡ªp¨Ó»¡¡A
VIA 694D ¬O¾A¥ÎÂù CPU ªº¥D¾÷ªO¡A¦ý¬O lm_sensors °²©w«h¬O¶È¦³³æÁû CPU ªºÅã¥Üª¬ªp¡A
©Ò¥H¡AÅã¥Üªºµ²ªG»P¹ê»Úªº¼Æ¾Ú¬O¦³®t²§ªº¡ã¦¹®É©Î³\´N»Ýn¶i¦æ½Õ®Õ¤F¡C
½Õ®Õªº¨BÆJ«Ü²³æ¡A¥ý½T©w¨Ï¥Î sensors Åã¥Üªºµ²ªG¨CÓ¶µ¥Ø¥Nªíªº·N¸q (¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò BIOS
µwÅé°»´úµ²ªGªº¶¶§Ç¨Ó±Æ¦C) ¡AµM«á¶i¤J /etc/sensors.conf ¶i¦æקï§Y¥i¡C
³¾ô¥H¦Û¤vªº via686a ³oÓ´¹¤ù²Õ¨Ó»¡©ú¡I
[root@linux ~]# vi /etc/sensors.conf
# ¦b³oÓÀÉ®×·í¤¤¡A¥ý§ä¨ì§Aªº¥D¾÷ªO´¹¤ù²Õ¡A°Ñ¦Ò¨ä¤º®e³á¡I
# ¦Ü©ó°£¤F chip «á±±µªº¬O´¹¤ù²Õ¥~¡A¨ä¥Lªº«h¥H©³¤Uªº®æ¦¡¨Ó®Ñ¼gªº¡G
# label '¹ê»Ú°»´úªº¿é¥X©ÎªÌ¬O¥N¸¹' '¨Ï¥Î lm_sensors ¿é¥Xªº¸ê°T'
# Á|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A²Ä¤@Áû CPU ªº°»´ú¶µ¥Ø¨ä¹ê¬O "2.0V" ¡A¨ºÓ¬O¹ê»Ú¦s¦b
# ¥D¾÷ªO·í¤¤ªº¤@Ó¶µ¥Ø¡A¦Ü©ó«á±ªº CPU1 core «h¬O§Ú̦ۤv¥[¤W¥hªº¡A
# ³o¼Ë¤~¥i¥H¦b¨Ï¥Î sensors ®É¡A¬Ý¨ì¿é¥Xªºµ²ªG°Ú¡I¦]¦¹¡A
# ¨ºÓ "2.0V" ¤£n°Ê¡ã°Êªº¬O¨ºÓ "CPU1 core" ³á¡I
chip "via686a-*"
label "2.0V" "CPU1 core"
label "2.5V" "CPU2 core"
label "3.3V" "I/O"
label "5.0V" "+5V"
label "12V" "+12V"
label fan1 "CPU1 Fan"
label fan2 "CPU2 Fan"
label temp1 "CPU1 Temp"
label temp2 "CPU2 Temp"
label temp3 "SBr Temp"
# ¦Ü©ó©³¤Uªº set «h¬O¦b³]©w¡y³Ì¤j¡B³Ì¤p¨îÈ¡z´N¬O¤F¡ã
# ¨ä¤¤¡A©³¤U¨ºÓ in0 ¤Î in1 ¤À§O¥Nªí²Ä¤@¡B²Ä¤GÓ label ªº·N«ä¡A¥ç§Y¬O
# CPU1 core ¤Î CPU2 core °Õ¡ã¦A¨Ó¡A«h¬O temp1~3 ¡A
# ª`·N¡A¦pªG¶µ¥Ø¤£¬O "2.0V" ³oºØ¥HÂù¤Þ¸¹¨ú¥Xªº¡A«h¥²¶·n¨Ï¥Î쥻ªº¦WºÙ¡A
# ¥ç¦p fan1, fan2 µ¥µ¥¡A³oÓ°È¥²ÁA¸Ñ¤~¦æ¡I
set in0_min 1.65
set in0_max 1.90
set in1_min 1.65
set in1_max 1.90
set temp1_hyst 55
set temp1_over 65
set temp2_hyst 55
set temp2_over 65
set temp3_hyst 60
set temp3_over 65
set fan1_min 3000
set fan2_min 3000
|
ק粒²¦¤§«á¡A´N¥i¥H·Ç³Æ·Ç³Æ¥[¤J§ó·sÅo¡ã¨º´N¬O¨Ï¥Î¡G
[root@linux ~]# sensors -s
|
½T©w§ó·s¤F³oÓ¸ê°T¤§«á¡A¦A¤U¹F sensors ¡A¼K¼K¼K¼K¡I´N¥i¥H¶¶§Qªº¨ú±oÄݩ󥿽Tªº¸ê°T°Õ¡I
·íµM¡A¦pªG·Qn¥H¹Ïªí¿é¥Xªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò¤£§«·f°t MRTG ¨Ó¶i¦æºô¶Ã¸¹Ï¡ã
³o³¡¤Àºô¸ô¤W±¤å³¹´N¤ñ¸û¦h¤@ÂI¡A¤]¥i¥H¥ý°Ñ¦Ò³¾ôªº¤@½g¤峹¡G
¥[ªoÅo¡I ^_^
FC4 ªº¨t²Î¾Þ§@¡G setup ¥\¯à
§Ú̦b°ò¦½g½Í¨ì«Ü¦hªº·§©À°ÝÃD¡A¥]¬A¾ãÓ¶}¾÷¬yµ{¨ä¹ê¬Ýªº¬O /etc/inittab ªº³W©w¶µ¥Ø¡A
¨CÓªA°È±Ò°Êªº scripts ¬O©ñ¦b /etc/init.d/scriptname ¸Ì±¡A¦ý¬O±Ò°Ê³]©wÀÉ«h¥i¯à·|¥]§t¦b /etc/sysconfig ¤º¡C
Á|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡Aèè¤W±´£¨ìªº lm_sensors ¡A¥Lªº¼Ò²Õ¦WºÙ´N©ñ¸m¦b /etc/sysconfig/lm_sensors ©O¡ã
·íµM¡A±z¤]¥i¥H¦Û¦æ§ó§ï /etc/init.d/lm_sensors ªº¤º®e¡AÅý¥L¤£n¥hŪ¨ú /etc/sysconfig/lm_sensors¡A
¦ý²¦³º¬O¨t²Î¹w³]ªºª¬ºA¤ñ¸û¦n±±¨î°Ú¡ã
¦b§ÚÌÁA¸Ñ¨ì³o¨Ç°ò¥»ªº³]©w¸ê°T«á¡A¨þ¨þ¡ã²×©ó¥i¥H¥Î¤@¤U¨t²Î´£¨Ñµ¹§Ú̪ºÂ²³æªº¾Þ§@¤¶±°Õ¡ã
¦b Fedora ¸Ì±¡A¦³Ó Red Hat ¨t²ÎÁ`¬O¦³´£¨Ñªº¤u¨ã¡A®M¥ó¦WºÙ¬° setuptool ¡A
¾ãÓ°õ¦æªº¹Lµ{«hª½±µ¤U¹F setup ´N¯à°÷³B²zù¡ã¯u¬O¦n¤è«K§o¡I
¦³ÂIÃþ¦üµøµ¡´N¬O¤F¡C¤£¹L¡A¨S¦³«Ü«Øij±z¨Ï¥Î¡A¦]¬°¨ä¹êª½±µ¨Ï¥Î«ü¥O©Î vi ¤]¥i¥H¹F¦¨ setup
©Ò´£¨Ñªº¥\¯à°Õ¡I ^_^¡C·í§A¥H root ªº¨¥÷¤U¹F¡y setup ¡z«á¡A·|¥X²{³o¼Ëªº©N©N¡G(
·íµM°Õ¡I±z¥²¶·n¦w¸Ë setuptool ®M¥ó¤~¦æ¡I
¦Ó¥B¡A§Ú¬O¨Ï¥Î LANG=en_US ¨Ó¶i¦æµe±Â^¨úªº¡A¦pªG±z¬O¦b¥i¥HÅã¥Ü¤¤¤åªºÀô¹Ò¤U¡A
¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î zh_TW.big5 )
¹Ï¡BRed Hat ¨t²Îªº setup «ü¥O
¥Dnªº¶µ¥Ø¨ä¹ê´N¬O©³¤U³o¨Ç¸ê®Æ°Õ¡G
- Authentication configuration¡G
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¥]¬A»{ÃÒ¨Ó·½ªº¥D¾÷½T»{»P¥»¾÷¸ê®Æªº¨M©wµ¥µ¥¡F
- Firewall configuration ¡G
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±`±`·|·d¤£À´¥L¨ì©³¦bþ¨Ç¦a¤è§@¤Fþ¨Ç¨Æ±¡¡ã¤£®e©ö·d©w°Õ¡I
- Keyboard configuration ¡G
¥]¬AÁä½Lªº§Î¦¡»P³Ì«nªºÁä½Lªº«öÁä¹ïÀ³ªí¡Cª`·N¡A
³oÓ³]©w¶È»P tty ¤¶±¦³Ãö¡A¦Ü©ó X Window «h¤£¬O¥H³oÓ¬°³]©wÈ¡C
- Mouse configuration ¡G
³]©w·Æ¹«ªº«¬ºAªº¦a¤è°Õ¡F
- Network configuration ¡G
³]©wºô¸ô°Ñ¼Æªº¦a¤è¡A¥]¬A IP, network, netmask, dns µ¥µ¥¡A¤£¹L¡A
ÁÙ»Ýn¬Ý§¹¦øªA¾¹½gÃö©óºô¸ô°ò¦ªº¤¶²Ð«á¡A¤~¯à°÷¤ñ¸ûÁA¸Ñ³]©wȪº·N¸q°Õ¡I
- System services ¡G
¨ä¹ê´N¬O¨Ï¥Î ntsysv ªº¤º®e³á¡ã¥ç§Y³]©w¤@¨Ç¨t²ÎªA°Èªº¦a¤è¡F
- Printer configuration ¡G
³]©w¦Lªí¾÷Åo¡F
- Sound card configuration ¡G
Y±zªº¥D¾÷¤W±¦³µ®Ä¥d¡A³oÓ¶µ¥Ø¤~·|¥X²{¡I´N¬O³]©wµ®Ä¥d°Õ¡I
- Timezone configuration ¡G
³]©w®É°Ï¡F
- X configuration ¡G
³]©w X-Window ¬ÛÃöªºµwÅé³]©w¡I¥ç§Y¬O³]©w X server °Õ¡I
¤]¥i¥H¤â°Êקï /etc/X11/xorg.conf ©Î XF86Config °Ú¡I
©³¤U§ÚÌ´N¤@Ó¤@Ó¨Ó¤¶²Ð³oª±·N¨à§a¡I¨Ã¥B½Ðª`·N¡A§A¥i¥H§Q¥Î <tab> «öÁä²¾°Ê¡A
¤]¥i¥H§Q¥Î¤W¤U«öÁä²¾°Ê¡A§Q¥ÎªÅ¥ÕÁä©ÎªÌ¬O [enter] «öÁä¨Ó¨M©w¬O§_»Ýn¡I
Authentication configuration
¦b«ö¤U¤F Authentication configuration «á¡A·|¥X²{¦p¤Uµe±¡G
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MD5 ±K½X½s½X¡A¥H¤Î§Q¥Î shadow ±N±K½X²¾°Ê¨ì /etc/shadow ÀÉ®×·í¤¤µ¥µ¥¡C·íµM°Õ¡A
§Ṳ́]¥i¥H§Q¥Îºô¸ô¤W±ªº¨¥÷»{ÃÒ¥D¾÷¡A¥]¬A NIS, LDAP ¥H¤Î Windows ¨t²Î´£¨Ñªº»{ÃÒ¥D¾÷µ¥µ¥¡A
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³oÓ³]©w¸ê®Æ¥Dn¬Oקï /etc/sysconfig/authconfig ÀÉ®×ù¡I
§A¤]¥i¥H¦Û¦æ¤â°Êקï¸ÓÀɮקY¥i¡C
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postscript ªº®æ¦¡°Ú¡I
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§Ú̪º CUPS ¥i¥H¦Û¦æ¨ú±o¾A¥ÎªºÂoÃè¡A¤£¦A»Ýn¹³¥H«eªº LPRng ¡AÁÙ±on¦Û¦æ´ú¸ÕÂoÃè¬O§_¤u§@¦¨¥\»¡¡I
³o¨Ç¾A¥Îªº PPD ³£³Q©ñ¸m¨ì©³¤Uªº¥Ø¿ý·í¤¤¤F¡G
¦ý¬O¡A¥Ñ©ó³o¨Ç©w¸q¸ê®Æ³£¥i¯à¤@ª½¦b§ó·s¡A¦]¦¹¡A§Ú̪º FC4 ¨Ï¥Îªº¬O§Q¥Î foomatic
³oÓ®M¥ó¨Ó»²§U¶i¦æ½u¤WÅX°Êµ{¦¡ªº¤U¸ü©O¡I©Ò¥H°Ú¡A¦pªG±zªº Linux
¨S¦³³s±µ¤W Internet ªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò¥i¯à´NµLªk¨ú±o³Ì¥¿½Tªº¦Lªí¾÷´yz©w¸qÀÉ (PPD) ¤F¡C
¥t¥~¡A¦b³¾ô¬Ý¹Lªº Distributions ·í¤¤¡A SuSE server 9 ´Nª½±µ±N¾ãÓ¦Lªí¾÷ªº PPD ¥Ñ
http://www.linuxprinting.org/download/PPD/ ®»¤U¨Ó¡A
¨þ¨þ¡I¤]¬O¥i¥H°Õ¡I©Ò¥H»¡¡A¦pªG±z·Qn¦Û¦æ¤U¸ü³Ì·sªº¦C¦L®æ¦¡©w¸qÀɮסA
¨º´N¦Û¦æ¨ì http://www.linuxprinting.org/ ¥h·j´MÄÝ©ó±zªº¦Lªí¾÷ ppd ÀɮסA
µM«á±N¥L©ñ¸m¨ì /usr/share/cups/model/ ·í¤¤§Y¥i¡I
CUPS ¤ä´©ªº³s½u¼Ò¦¡
¦b¤@¯ë¤º³¡°Ï°ìºô¸ô·í¤¤¡A¸û±`¨£ªº¦Lªí¾÷³sµ²¤è¦¡»P¤À¨É¤è¦¡¦³©³¤U³o´XºØ¡G
- socket
¸ê®Æ³z¹L internet socket(°ð¤f)¨Ó¶Ç°e¡A¤@¯ë¬° port 9100 ©Î 35¡C
¦pªG·Qn¶i¦æ¸ê®Æªº¶Ç¿é»P¦C¦L¡A¥i¥H³z¹L¦bÂsÄý¾¹¤W±¿é¤J¡G
socket://host-printer:9100/ ¨Ó¶i¦æ¡C¤£¹L¡A³oºØ¼Ò¦¡¤£±`¥Î´N¬O¤F¡C
- LPD (Line Pritner Daemon)
´N¬O§Ṳ́§«e´£¨ìªº LPRng ©Ò¤ä´©ªº¥Dn daemon °Õ¡ã¥L¬O¸û¦ªº¦C¦L¨ó©w°Ú¡A
¥Dn¬O§Q¥Î§Ç¦C°ð¨Ó¹F¦¨¦C¦Lªº»Ý¨D¡A¦Lªí¾÷¦WºÙ´N¬O LPT1/LPT2... µ¥µ¥¡C
¥Ø«eÁÙ¬O¥i¥H¦b¤ñ¸û¦´Áªº Linux distributions ¬Ý¨ì³oºØ¦C¦L¤è¦¡¡C
- IPP (Internet Printing Protocol)
³o¬O¥Ø«e¤ñ¸û¬y¦æªº¦Lªí¾÷¦C¦L¨ó©w¡A§Ú̪º CUPS ¹w³]¤]¬O¤ä´©³oºØ¨ó©w°Ú¡I
·í±Ò°Ê IPP ®É¡A¦Lªí¾÷·|±Ò°Ê port 631 ¡A¦C¦Lªº¸ê®Æ´N¬O³z¹L³oÓ
port ¨Ó¶i¦æ¶Ç°eªº¡C¥t¥~¡A¦pªG±zªº¦Lªí¾÷©ÎªÌ Linux ¥D¾÷±Ò°Ê¤F ipp ¤§«á¡A
¼K¼K¡I§A¥i¥Hª½±µ¨Ï¥ÎÂsÄý¾¹¡A¿é¤J¡G ipp://printer_IP/printername
´N¯à°÷ª½±µ½u¤W³B²z¦Lªí¾÷ªº³]©w¤F¡I¤è«Kªº«Ü°Ú¡I
- SMB (Standard Message Block)
¤]¦³ºÙ¬° Server Message Block ªº¡A¨º¬O¤°»ò°Ú¡H»¡¬ï¤F¡A¤£´N¬Oºô¸ô¤WªºªÚ¾F¶Ü¡H
¨S¿ù°Õ¡I´N¬O§Q¥ÎºôªÚ´£¨Ñªº¦Lªí¾÷¨Ó¶i¦æ¦C¦Lªº·N«ä¡I
¨ó©w¨Ï¥Îªº¬O¡G smb://user:password@host/printer ¡C
§ÚÌ FC4 ¹w³]ªº CUPS ¨Ï¥Îªº´N¬O IPP ³oÓ¨ó©w»¡¡ã¤]´N¬O»¡¡A§Ú̪º Linux ¦pªG¯à°÷¶¶§Qªº±µ¤W printer ªº¸Ü¡A
¨º»ò¥L´N¬O¤@³¡ºô¸ô¦Lªí¾÷¤F°Õ¡I´N³o»ò²³æ°Ú¡ã¨º»ò§Ú̪º CUPS ¹w³]¥i¥H¤ä´©þ¨Ç³s±µ¤¶±©O¡H
¦³©³¤U³o¨Ç°Õ¡G
- parallel ¡G¥¦æ§Ç¦C°ð°Ú¡A´N¬O 25 °w¨ººØª±·N¨à¡I¥L¬O³s±µ¨ì /dev/lp[0-2] µ¥¸Ë¸m¡C
¦b CUPS ¸Ì±ªº¸Ë¸m¨Ï¥Î®æ¦¡¬°¡G parallel:/dev/lp0¡F
- Network Printer ¡Gºô¸ô¦Lªí¾÷¡A¨Ò¦p HP LaserJet 2300 ´N¤º«Ø¦³ºô¸ô¥d¡A
¤]´N¬O»¡¡A³oÓ¦Lªí¾÷¬O¨ã¦³ IP ªº¡A¨º»ò¦b CUPS ¤ºªº¨Ï¥Î®æ¦¡¬°¡G
ipp://hostname_or_ip/printername¡F
- USB ¡G¤@¯ë¶V¨Ó¶V±`¨£ªº USB ¦Lªí¾÷°Ú¡I CUPS ¨Ï¥Îªº®æ¦¡¬°¡G
usb:/dev/usb/lp0 ¡C
¦b FC4 ¤U±Ò°Ê Printer
¦b FC4 ©³¤Un±Ò°Ê¦Lªí¾÷ªº¸Ü¡A¬Û·íªºÂ²³æ°Ú¡I¨ä¹ê¥un·ÓµÛèè§Ṳ́W±´£¨ìªº
setup «ü¥O¤ºªº printer configuration
ªº¨BÆJ¡A¤@¨B¤@¨Bªºµ¹¥L³]©w¤U¥h¡A´N OK ¤F°Õ¡ã¦ý¦pªG§Aªº¨t²Î¨Ã¤£¬O FC4 ªº¸Ü¡A
«ç»ò¿ì°Ú¡H¨SÃö«Y¡ã§ÚÌ¥i¥H¤â°Ê¨Ó«Ø¥ß CUPS ©Ò»Ýnªº©Ò¦³¸ê®Æ°Ú¡ã
§ó¦hªº¸Ô²Ó¸ê°T¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò cups ®M¥ó´£¨Ñªº documents ©ÎªÌ¬O man page »¡¡ã
( rpm -ql cups ) ¡C
¦b©³¤U¡A³¾ô¥H§Ú̬ã¨s«Çªº HP LaserJet 2300 ³o¤@³¡¦Lªí¾÷§@¬°¤¶²Ð¡A
³o³¡¦Lªí¾÷¥»¨¨ã¦³ºô¸ô¥d¡A¥Lªº IP °²©w¬° 192.168.10.119 ¡A
±µ¤U¨Ó¡A´N¶}©l¨Ó³]©w§a¡I
- ¤U¸ü¾A¦Xªº ppd ©w¸qÀÉ¡G
«e©¹ http://www.linuxprinting.org/printer_list.cgi ¿é¤J¦Lªí¾÷ªº«¬¸¹¡A
µM«á¦b¥X²{ªºµe±·í¤¤¡A¿ï¾Ü¡yRecommended driver: Postscript (Home page, custom PPD)¡z
¸Ì±ªº¨ºÓ¡ycustom PPD¡z¡Aµ¹¥LÂI¤U¥h¡A±N¨ºÓÀÉ®×®»¨ì /usr/share/cups/model ¸Ì±¥h´N¹ï¤F¡I
¥H³¾ôªº±¡ªp¨Ó¬Ý¡Aèè§Q¥Î§Ú¬d¨ìªººô¶³sµ²¸ê®Æ¡A¥i¥H³o¼Ë°µ¡G
[root@linux ~]# cd /usr/share/cups/model
[root@linux model]# wget http://www.linuxprinting.org/foomatic-db/db/
source/PPD/HP/mono_laser/hp_LaserJet_2300.ppd
[root@linux model]# ls -l
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 55288 Oct 24 00:52 hp_LaserJet_2300.ppd
|
³o´N¬Oµ¥¤@¤U§ÚÌn¨Ï¥Îªº¼Ò²Õ¡C½Ðª`·N¡A¦b cups ¨Ï¥Îªº¼Ò²Õ¤W±¡A
³£¬O³Q©ñ¸m¨ì /usr/share/cups/model ¤º¡I¤£nÀH«KÂ\©ñ¡ã¦]¬°§ÚÌ«á±n¨Ï¥Îªº«ü¥O¡A
·|¥D°ÊŪ¨ú³oӥؿý¤ºªº¥Dn PPD ©w¸qÀÉ°Ú¡I
- ½T©w CUPS ¤Î¦Lªí¾÷¤w±Ò°Ê¡G
³oÓ³]©w«Ü²³æ°Ú¡I³o¼Ë°µ´N¹ï¤F¡G
[root@linux ~]# /etc/init.d/cups start
[root@linux ~]# netstat -tlunp | grep 631
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7228/cupsd
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:631 0.0.0.0:* 7228/cupsd
[root@linux ~]# nmap 192.168.10.119
Starting nmap 3.70 ( http://www.insecure.org/nmap/ ) at 2005-11-11 14:15 CST
Interesting ports on hp2300 (192.168.10.119):
(The 1652 ports scanned but not shown below are in state: closed)
PORT STATE SERVICE
21/tcp open ftp
23/tcp open telnet
80/tcp open http
280/tcp open http-mgmt
443/tcp open https
515/tcp open printer
631/tcp open ipp
9100/tcp open jetdirect
# ¼K¼K¡I»·ºÝªº Printer ½T¹ê¬O¦³´£¨Ñ 631 ³oÓ port ªº¡I
# °²¦p±z¨ã¦³ USB ¦Lªí¾÷ªº¸Ü¡A¨º»òÀ³¸Ó´NnÅܦ¨³o¼Ë¡G
[root@linux ~]# echo "Testing printer" > /dev/usb/lp0
# ¦pªG¦Lªí¾÷¦³¸ê®Æ¿é¥X¡A¨º»ò´Nªí¥Ü³s½u¨S¦³°ÝÃD°Ú¡I
|
¥Ñ©ó¤£¦Pªº¦Lªí¾÷³s½u¼Ò¦¡·|²£¥Í¤£¤@¼Ëªº´ú¸Õ¤èªk¡A
©Ò¥HÅo¡A¦pªG¬O±µ¦b¥»¾÷¤W±ªº¡Aª½±µ¨Ï¥Î³Ì²³æªº¸ê®Æ¬y«¾É¦V´N¥i¥H´ú¸Õ¤F¡I
¦pªG¬Oºô¸ô¦Lªí¾÷¡A¨º´Nª½±µ´ú¸Õºô¸ô³s½u»P¨Ï¥Î nmap ¨Ó¶i¦æ´ú¸Õ°Õ¡ã
¨ºÓ nmap §ÚÌ·|¦b¦øªA¾¹½g¦b¦n¦nªº½Í¡ã²{¦b¥unª¾¹D¥L¥i¥H¥Î¨Ó°»´ú¬Y³¡¥D¾÷ªº¶}±Òªº port¡A
ºâ¬O¤@Ó²³æªºÀb«È³nÅé¡ã©Ò¥H¡A¤£n®³ nmap
¨Ó°»´ú§O¤Hªº¥D¾÷¡I·|¦³¥qªk°ÝÃD³á¡I
- ¶}©l¥[¤J¦Lªí¾÷¨ì CUPS ·í¤¤¡G
n¥[¤J¦Lªí¾÷Åý CUPS ¨ÓºÞ²z¡A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Îèè´£¨ìªº setup
¡A¤£¹L¡A³oÓ¤u¨ã¦ü¥GµLªk¥[¤Jºô¸ô¦Lªí¾÷ªº¼Ë¤l¡I
©Ò¥H¡A¦pªG¹³³¾ô³oºØºô¸ô¦Lªí¾÷ªº¸Ü¡A¥i¯à´N¤£¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î setup °Õ¡ã³oÓ®ÉÔ¡A´N¨Ï¥Î¨ºÓ¦n¥Îªº
lpadmin ¨Ó¶i¦æºÞ²zÅo¡I
1. ¥[¤J¦Lªí¾÷¨ì CUPS ·í¤¤¡G
[root@linux ~]# lpadmin -p [pritner¦î¦C] -v [¸Ë¸m¥N¸¹] -m [model] -E
°Ñ¼Æ¡G
-p ¡G«á±±µ¦Lªí¾÷ªº¦WºÙ¡Aª`·N¡A³oÓ¦WºÙ¬O§A¦Ûqªº¡A¥i¥HÀH«K¨ú¤@Ó§A°O±o¦íªº¦W¦r
-v ¡G«á±±µªº¬O¸Ë¸m¥N¸¹¡A¥i¥H¬O¥»¾÷ªº§Ç¦C°ð©ÎªÌ¬O USB ¡A·íµM¤]¥i¥H¬Oºô¸ô¦Lªí¾÷
§Ç¦C°ð ¡G parallel:/dev/lp0
USB ¡G usb:/dev/usb/lp0
ºô¸ô¦Lªí¾÷¡G ipp://192.168.10.119/
-m ¡G´N¬Oèè´£¨ìªº¨ºÓ ppd ©w¸qÀÉ¡C³oÓÀÉ®×¥²¶·n³Q©ñ¸m¨ì
/usr/share/cups/model ·í¤¤¡AµM«á¥H¸Ó¥Ø¿ý§@¬°¬Û¹ï¸ô®|¨Ó®Ñ¼gÀɦW³á¡I
-E ¡G§@¬°±µ¨ü (enable) ¦C¦L¤u§@ªº·N«ä
2. ³]©w¹w³]©Î§R°£¦Lªí¾÷
[root@linux ~]# lpadmin [-xd] [printer¦î¦C]
°Ñ¼Æ¡G
ª`·N¡A -x »P -d ¤£¯à¦P®É¨Ï¥Î¡A¥t¥~¡A printer¦î¦C ¥²¶·¬O¤w¦s¦bªº¦Lªí¾÷¦WºÙ
-x ¡G§R°£¤@Ó¦b CUPS ºÞ²zªº¦Lªí¾÷
-d ¡GY¦³¦h³¡¦Lªí¾÷¦s¦b CUPS ·í¤¤¡A¨Ï¥Î -d ¥i¥H«ü©w¤@³¡¹w³]ªº¦Lªí¾÷¡C
«h·í§Ú̦b¦C¦L®É¡A§Ñ°O¿ï¾Ü¦Lªí¾÷«¬¦¡¡A«h¥H¦¹³¡¹w³]¦Lªí¾÷¨Ó¦C¦L¡C
½d¨Ò¤@¡G¦b¥»¨Ò¤¤¡A¥[¤J¤@³¡ºô¸ô¦Lªí¾÷¡A§Úªº¦Lªí¾÷¦î¦C¶ñ¤J laserjet2300
[root@linux ~]# lpadmin -p laserjet2300 -v \
> ipp://192.168.10.119/ -m hp_LaserJet_2300.ppd -E
# ¨ºÓ laserjet2300 ¬O¦Û¤v³]©wªº¡A«ç»ò³]©w³£¨SÃö«Y°Õ¡I
# ¦Ü©ó hp_LaserJet_2300.ppd «h¬O§ÚÌèè¥Ñºô¯¸¤U¸üªºÀɮסA
# ª`·N¡A¤@©wn©ñ¦b /usr/share/cups/model/ ¥Ø¿ý·í¤¤³á¡Iª`·Nª`·N¡I
½d¨Ò¤G¡G¥[¤J¤@Ó usb ªº¦Lªí¾÷³á¡I
[root@linux ~]# lpadmin -p laserjet2300 -v \
> /dev/usb/lp0 -m hp_LaserJet_2300.ppd -E
½d¨Ò¤T¡GÅý laserjet2300 ³o³¡¦Lªí¾÷¦¨¬°¹w³]¦Lªí¾÷¡I
[root@linux ~]# lpadmin -d laserjet2300
½d¨Ò¥|¡G§R°£ laserjet2300 ³o³¡¦Lªí¾÷¡G
[root@linux ~]# lpadmin -x laserjet2300
|
¨ä¹êèè³oÓ lpadmin ªº°Ê§@¡A¥u¬O¦b§ó·s /etc/cups/ ¥Ø¿ý¸Ì±ªº¨âÓ¸ê®Æ¦Ó¤w¡A
¤@Ó¬O /etc/cups/printers.conf ¡A³oÓÀÉ®×¥Dn¬O³W½d¤F¦Lªí¾÷ªº¬ÛÃö¸Ë¸m¡B¬O§_±µ¨ü¦C¦L¤u§@¡B
¦Lªí¾÷ªº¦î¦C¦WºÙ¡B¶±ªº¨îµ¥µ¥¡A¤Ï¥¿´N¬O¾ãÓ¦Lªí¾÷ªº³W½d´N¬O¤F¡C
¦Ü©ó³oÓ¦Lªí¾÷¬ÛÃöªº PPD Àɮ׫h¬O¥H¦Lªí¾÷ªº¦î¦C¦WºÙ³sµ²¨ì /etc/cups/ppd/ ¥Ø¿ý¤U¡A
¥H¤Wªíªº½d¨Ò¤@¤¤¡A§ÚÌ©w¸q¥X laserjet2300 ³oÓ¦î¦C¡A¨Ï¥Îªº¬O hp_LaserJet_2300.ppd
³oÓ©w¸qÀÉ¡A«h§A·|µo²{¡A /etc/cups/ppd/laserjet2300 »P /usr/share/cups/model/hp_LaserJet_2300.ppd
¬O¬Û¦Pªº³á¡I¦]¬°¥u¬On§@¬°¤@Ó¦î¦C¦Lªí¾÷ªº¹ïÀ³¤§¥Î¹À¡I
[root@linux ~]# cat /etc/cups/printers.conf
# Printer configuration file for CUPS v1.1.22rc1
# Written by cupsd on Fri 11 Nov 2005 02:40:01 PM CST
<DefaultPrinter laserjet2300>
Info laserjet2300
DeviceURI ipp://192.168.10.119/
State Idle
Accepting Yes
JobSheets none none
QuotaPeriod 0
PageLimit 0
KLimit 0
</Printer>
# ¬Ý¨ì§_¡Hèè§Ų́ϥΠlpadmin ¡A¼W¥[ªº¸ê°T³£¦b³o¸Ì°Ú¡I
# «ÂI¨ä¹ê¬O¨ºÓ DeviceURI ¤Î Info ³o¨âÓª±·N¨à°Õ¡I«nªº«Ü¡I
|
- ¶}©l¦C¦L´ú¸Õ
§ÚÌ¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î lp ©ÎªÌ¬O lpr ¨Ó¶i¦æ¦C¦Lªº¤u§@¡ã¸Õ¬Ý¬Ý¥ý¡I
[root@linux ~]# lpr [-E] -P [printer¦î¦C] -# [¦C¦L¥÷¼Æ] -U [username] file
°Ñ¼Æ¡G
-E ¡G¬O§_¥[±Kªº·N«ä¡ã¤@¯ë¤£»Ýn³oӰѼơF
-P ¡G¦pªG§A¦³¨â³¡¥H¤Wªº¦Lªí¾÷¡A·Qn¦b¤£¦Pªº¦Lªí¾÷¤W±¦C¦L¡A
´N»Ýn¨Ï¥Î -P ¨Ó¿ï¾Ü°Ú¡I
-# ¡G¦pªG§An¤@¦¸¦C¦L¦h¥÷¤å¥ó¡A¥Î³oÓ -# ¥[¤W¥÷¼Æ´N¹ï¤F¡I
-U ¡G¦³¨Ç¦Lªí¾÷¦³¦Ü¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡A¦¹®É´N±on¨Ï¥Î³oӰѼơF
½d¨Ò¡G
½d¨Ò¤@¡G
[root@linux ~]# lpr -P laserjet2300 /etc/passwd
|
¯à¤£¯à¦C¦L°£¤F cups ªº³]©w¤§¥~¡A¦Lªí¾÷¬O§_¦³³]©w¨¾¤õÀð¤]¬O¦³Ãö«Yªº³á¡I
³¾ô³Ìªñ¤@¦¸¦b¶i¦æ´ú¸Õ®É¡A¤£ª¾¹D¬°¤F¤°»ò¡A¦Lªí¾÷¬ðµMµLªk±µ¨ü§Ú Linux ºÝªº«Ê¥]n¨D¡A
³¾ô´Nµ¹ Printer ¾ãÓ«·s¶}¾÷¡A«x¡I¬ðµM¤S¦n¤F¡ã
¥i¯à¬O....¦Lªí¾÷¤]»Ýn¥ð®§§a¡H¡H @_@
[root@linux ~]# lp -d [printer¦î¦C] -n [¦C¦L¥÷¼Æ] file
°Ñ¼Æ¡G
-d ¡G«á±±µªº¬O¦Lªí¾÷ªº¦î¦C¦WºÙ¡C¦pªG¦³¦h³¡¦Lªí¾÷¤~»Ýn«ü©w¡F
-n ¡G´N¬O¦C¦Lªº¥÷¼Æ°Ú¡I
½d¨Ò¡G
½d¨Ò¤@¡G¦C¦L¥X 2 ¥÷ /etc/issue ¸ê®Æ
[root@linux ~]# lp -d laserjet2300 -n 2 /etc/issue
|
¦pªG·QnÁA¸Ñ¾ãÓ¦C¦Lªº¸ê°T¡A»P¾ãÓ¦Lªí¾÷ªºª¬ºA¡A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î©³¤Uªº«ü¥O°Ú¡ã
1. ÁA¸Ñ¦Lªí¾÷ªº¥Ø«eª¬ºA
[root@linux ~]# lpstat [-adprt]
°Ñ¼Æ¡G
-a ¡G¦C¥X¥Ø«e¥i¥H±µ¨ü¦C¦L¤u§@ªº¦Lªí¾÷¦î¦C¦WºÙ¡F
-d ¡G¦C¥X¥Ø«e¨t²Îªº¹w³]¦Lªí¾÷¡F
-p ¡G¦C¥X¨C³¡¦Lªí¾÷ªº±µ¨ü¤u§@ªºª¬ºA¡A¥]§t¤u§@ªº ID¡F
-r ¡G¦C¥X¥Ø«e CUPS ¬O§_¦³¦b¹B§@¡H
-t ¡G¦C¥X¸û¬°¸Ô²Óªº¦Lªí¾÷¸ê°T°Ú¡I
½d¨Ò¡G
½d¨Ò¤@¡G¥Ø«eªº¹w³]¦Lªí¾÷¡A»P¨t²Î¤W±¥i¥H±µ¨ü¦C¦Lªº¦Lªí¾÷¬°¡G
[root@linux ~]# lpstat -a
laserjet2300 accepting requests since Jan 01 00:00
[root@linux ~]# lpstat -d
system default destination: laserjet2300
½d¨Ò¤G¡G¦C¥X¥Ø«e¨t²Î¤W±©Ò¦³»P¦Lªí¾÷¦³Ãöªº¸ê°T¡H
[root@linux ~]# lpstat -t
scheduler is running
system default destination: laserjet2300
device for laserjet2300: ipp://192.168.10.119/
laserjet2300 accepting requests since Jan 01 00:00
printer laserjet2300 is idle. enabled since Jan 01 00:00
Print file accepted - job ID 3.
2. ¦C¦L¤u§@ªºÆ[¹î
[root@linux ~]# lpq [-al]
°Ñ¼Æ¡G
-a ¡G¦C¥X©Ò¦³¦Lªí¾÷¤W±¦b¦î¦C·í¤¤ªº¤u§@±¡ªp¡F
-l ¡G¥Î¨ä¥L¸ûªø®æ¦¡¨Ó¿é¥X¦C¦Lªº¬ÛÃö¸ê°T (¾Ö¦³ªÌ»PÀɮפj¤pµ¥µ¥)
½d¨Ò¡G
½d¨Ò¤T¡GÅã¥Ü¥X¥Ø«e©Ò¦³¦Lªí¾÷ªº¤u§@¦î¦Cª¬ªp
[root@linux ~]# lpq -a
Rank Owner Job File(s) Total Size
1st root 3 passwd 4096 bytes
# ¤W±ªº·N«ä¬O¡A¦³¤@¥÷¤u§@¡A¸Ó¤u§@¬O¦C¦L¥X passwd ¨ºÓÀɮסA
# ³oÓ¤u§@ªº¸¹½X¬O 3 ¸¹ (Job) ¡A¸Ó¤u§@ªº«Ø¥ßªÌ¬° root ¡C
# ³o¬OÓ«Ü«nªº¦a¤è¡A¦]¬°¸Ó¶µ¥Ø¶È¦³ root ¥i¥H±±¨î¡ã
# ¤@¯ë¨¥÷¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡A·íµM¤£¯à§R°£¸Ó¶µ¤u§@°Õ¡I
3. §R°£¦b¦î¦C·í¤¤ªº¦C¦L¤u§@
[root@linux ~]# lprm -P [printer¦î¦C] job_id
°Ñ¼Æ¡G
-P ¡G«á±ª½±µ«ü©w¬Y³¡¦Lªí¾÷ªº¬YÓ¤u§@¸¹½X¡Cª`·N¡A¨ºÓ job_id
´N¬Oèè§Ų́ϥΠlpq ¬d¬Ý¨ìªº¨ºÓ Job ªº¸¹½X°Õ¡I
½d¨Ò¥|¡G±Nè誺¬Ý¨ìªº¨ºÓ job 3 ¤u§@§R°£¡I
[root@linux ~]# lprm 3
[root@linux ~]# lpq -a
no entries
# Á@¡I·íµM¤£¨£¥h°Õ¡I¦]¬°¤u§@³Q§Ú§R°£¤F¹À¡I
4. ¥H cancel §R°£¦b¦î¦C·í¤¤ªº¦C¦L¤u§@
[root@linux ~]# cancel [-a] job_id
°Ñ¼Æ¡G
-a ¡G¤£½×¦î¦C¸Ì±¦³¦h¤Öµ¥«Ý¦C¦Lªº¤u§@¡A¥þ³¡²¾°£¡I
[root@linux ~]# cancel 3
[root@linux ~]# cancel -a
|
¨ä¹ê¡A¾ãÓ Linux ¥»¾÷¤W±ªº¦C¦L¸ê°T¡A¨ì³oÓ®ÉÔ´N¤w¸g§¹¦¨°Õ¡I
¤£¹L¡A¦pªG§AÁÙ·Qn§@ÃB¥~ªº±±¨î¡A©ÎªÌ¬O·Qn¶i¦æºô¸ô¤À¨É³o³¡¦Lªí¾÷®É¡A¼K¼K¡I
ÁÙ±oÃB¥~ªº¥[¤u¡A§@¤@¨Ç¤â¸}¤~¦æ³á¡I©³¤U´N§i¶D§A«ç»ò§@§a¡I
- Åv±±¨î (¦C¦L¤À¨É°Õ¡I)
§ÚÌ«e±´£¨ìªº´XÓ«ü¥O³£¥i¥Hª½±µ¦b CUPS ¤W±±N¦C¦Lªº¤u§@¦C¦L¥X¨Ó¡ã
¤£¹L¡A¦³ªº®ÉÔ§Ú̥ѩó¦b¶i¦æ¦Lªí¾÷ºûÅ@ªº§@·~¡A¥i¯à¼È®É¤£¤¹³\¤H®a¨Ï¥Î§Ú̪º¦Lªí¾÷¡A
¤S¤£·QÅý¤H®aµo²{¦Lªí¾÷¥Ø«e¦³°ÝÃD¡ã«ç»ò¿ì¡H¨þ¨þ¡I³oÓ´N»P disable ³oÓ«ü¥O¦³Ãö°Õ¡I
1. ¼È®ÉÃö³¬/±Ò°Ê¦Lªí¾÷¬O§_¶}©l¦C¦L(¦ý¤@©w³£¥i¥H±µ¨ü¤u§@¨ì¦î¦C)
[root@linux ~]# /usr/bin/disable [-c] [printer¦î¦C]
[root@linux ~]# /usr/bin/enable [printer¦î¦C]
°Ñ¼Æ¡G
-c ¡G±N«á±±µªº¨ºÓ¦Lªí¾÷¦î¦C©Òµ¥«Ýªº¤u§@¡A¥þ³¡³£§R°£¡C¤@¯ë¤£·|¥[¤W³oӰѼơI
disable = cupsdisable
enable = cupsenable
½d¨Ò¡G
½d¨Ò¤@¡G¼È®É¨ú®øèè«Ø¥ßªº laserjet2300 ³o³¡¦Lªí¾÷ªº¦C¦L¤u§@
[root@linux ~]# disable laserjet2300
[root@linux ~]# lpstat -t
scheduler is running
system default destination: laserjet2300
device for laserjet2300: ipp://192.168.10.119/
laserjet2300 accepting requests since Jan 01 00:00
printer laserjet2300 disabled since Jan 01 00:00 -
Paused
# µo²{§_¡H¥Ø«eªº¤u§@¬O¼È°±ªº¡I¤£¹L¡A scheduler ¨Ì¬O¦b¶i¦æ¡I
# ©Ò¥H¡A·íµMÁÙ¥i¥HÄ~Äò±µ¨ü¦î¦Cªº»Ý¨D³á¡IÅý§Ų́Ӵú¸Õ¬Ý¬Ý¡I
[root@linux ~]# lpr /etc/passwd
[root@linux ~]# lpq
laserjet2300 is not ready
Rank Owner Job File(s) Total Size
1st root 5 passwd 4096 bytes
# ¼K¼K¼K¼K¡I¬O not ready ¡ãÁÙ¨S¦³·Ç³Æ¦n¹À¡I
[root@linux ~]# cancel 5
½d¨Ò¤G¡G¶}©l«·sÅý laserjet2300 ¥i¥H¶}©l¦C¦L°Ú¡I
[root@linux ~]# /usr/bin/enable laserjet2300
[root@linux ~]# lpstat -t
scheduler is running
system default destination: laserjet2300
device for laserjet2300: ipp://192.168.10.119/
laserjet2300 accepting requests since Jan 01 00:00
printer laserjet2300 is idle. enabled since Jan 01 00:00
# ª`·N¤@¤U¡A¦]¬° bash ¥»¨´N§t¦³¤@Ó enable ªº¤º³¡«ü¥O¡A
# ©Ò¥H¡A«Øij±z¿é¤Jµ´¹ï¸ô®|¨Ó°õ¦æ enable ¡A©ÎªÌª½±µ§ï¥H cupsenable ¨Ó°õ¦æ¡I
|
³oÓ cupsdisable »P cupsenable ¥i¥H¤ä´©ÅýºÞ²zû¾Ö¦³¤@¬q¦Lªí¾÷ºûÅ@ªº®É¶¡¡A
¦P®É¤SÁÙ¥i¥HÄ~Äò±µ¨ü¨Ó¦Û¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº¦C¦L»Ý¨D¡A¯u¬O¤£¿ù°Ú¡I¤£¹L¡A
¸U¤@§Ú´N¬O©ú½Tªº¤£n±µ¨ü¨Ó¦Û¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº¦C¦L¤u§@©O¡H¤]´N¬O»¡¡A§Ú³sµ¥«Ýªº¤u§@³£¤£¶}©ñ¡A
¥un¦³¦C¦L¤u§@»Ý¨D®É¡A´N¦^³ø¡y¤£¯à¨Ï¥Î¡z¡C¨þ¨þ¡I´N¬O accept/reject ªº¤u§@°Õ¡I
2. ¼È®É°±¤î/¶}±Ò¦Lªí¾÷¦î¦Cªº¥\¯à
[root@linux ~]# reject [printer¦î¦C]
[root@linux ~]# accept [printer¦î¦C]
½d¨Ò¤@¡G¼È®ÉÃö³¬ laserjet2300 §a¡I
[root@linux ~]# reject laserjet2300
[root@linux ~]# lpstat -t
scheduler is running
system default destination: laserjet2300
device for laserjet2300: ipp://192.168.10.119/
laserjet2300 not accepting requests since Jan 01 00:00 -
Rejecting Jobs
printer laserjet2300 is idle. enabled since Jan 01 00:00
Rejecting Jobs
[root@linux ~]# lp /etc/passwd
lp: unable to print file: server-error-not-accepting-jobs
# ÁA¸Ñ¤F¶Ü¡H¦p¦¹¤@¨Ó¡A³s¤u§@¶i¤J¦C¦Lµ¥«Ý³£¤£¦æ³á¡I
½d¨Ò¤G¡G±Ò°Ê laserjet2300 §a¡I
[root@linux ~]# accept laserjet2300
|
«Ü¦nª±§a¡I³z¹L³o¥|Ó¤pªF¦è¡A§ÚÌ´N¥i¥H¾Ö¦³¤@¬qºÞ²zºûÅ@¦Lªí¾÷ªº®É¶¡°Õ¡ã ^_^
³z¹L³o¨Ç²³æªº«ü¥O¡AÁÙ¦³¤@¨Ç²³æªº½s¿è°Ê§@¡A±zªº¦Lªí¾÷´N¥i¥H¦b Linux ¤WÀY¶¶§Qªº¹B§@¤F©O¡I
¦Ó¥BÁÙ¥i¥H¤ä´©¦h³¡¦Lªí¾÷¦P®É¦s¦b¡A¯u¬O¦n¤è«K°Ú¡I^_^
¤@Ó²³æªº½m²ß
°²³]§A¥Ø«eªº FC4 ¥D¾÷¤W±±µµÛ¤@¥x USB ¤¶±ªº¦Lªí¾÷¡A
§Aªº¨t²Î¨Ã¤£¤¹³\¨Ï¥Î setup ªº Printer configuration ³]©w¡A
³o¥x USB ¤¶±ªº¦Lªí¾÷¬O Samsung ªº ML-1210 ¦Lªí¾÷¡A
½Ð°Ý¡A±z¥i¥H¦p¦ó¦b FC4 ¤W±¦w¸Ë³o³¡¦Lªí¾÷¡H
- ¥ý¤U¸ü PPD ©w¸qÀÉ¡AÀɦW¬°¡G Samsung-ML-1210-gdi.ppd ¨ì /usr/share/cups/model/ ·í¤¤¡F
- ¥[¤J¦Lªí¾÷¡A¨Ï¥Î¤U¦C¤èªk¡G
[root@linux ~]# lpadmin -p samsung -v usb:/dev/usb/lp0 \
> -m Samsung-ML-1210-gdi.ppd -E
|
- ¶}©lµ¹¥L´ú¸Õ½m²ß¤@¤U¡G¡y lp /etc/passwd ¡z¦pªG¦³ªF¦è¦L¥X¨Ó¡A¨º´N¬O OK °Õ¡I
Tips: ¨Æ¹ê¤W¡A¨Ã¤£¬O©Ò¦³ªº¦Lªí¾÷¼t°Ó³£¦³°w¹ï Linux §@·~¨t²ÎÄÀ¥X¬ÛÃöªºÅX°Êµ{¦¡¡A
©Ò¥H¡A¦pªG±z·QnÁʶR¯à°÷Åý Linux ¨Ï¥Îªº¦Lªí¾÷®É¡AÁÙ¬O«Øij±z¥ý«e©¹¤W±´£¨ìªº
http://www.linuxprinting.org/printer_list.cgi ³oÓºô¶¶i¦æ¬d¸ß¡ã
¤ñ¦p¡A HP µ¥¤j¼tªº¦Lªí¾÷¹ï©ó Linux ªº¤ä´©«×´N«Ü¤£¿ù¡ã¦Ó¦pªG±z¦³Âªº¦Lªí¾÷¡A
¨Ò¦p³¾ôªº Lexmark X6150 ³o³¡¾÷¾¹¡A¨þ¨þ¡ã¨º´N¤£n·Q¤Ó¦h¤F¡ã¦w¸Ë¤W±¡A¹ê¦b«Ü³Â·Ð¡ã @_@
¦ý³o¨Ã¤£¬O Linux ªº°ÝÃD¡A±z¥i¥Hµo°_¤@¤H¤@«H¡A±H«Hµ¹¦Lªí¾÷¶}µo°Ó¡AÅý¥LÌ«µø Linux
¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¸s§a¡I
| |
¥t¥~¡A¦pªG¦Ñ¬O¬Ý¨ì¿Ã¹õ«e±Åã¥Ü¡G¡y Printer not connected; will retry in 30 seconds...¡z¡A
«Ü¦³¥i¯à¬O¦]¬°§Ú̪º¸Ë¸m¥N¸¹¿é¤J¿ù»~¡A½Ð¨Ï¥Î¡y lpstat -t ¡z¬d¾\¤@¤U¬O§_¥¿½Tªº³]©w¦n¤F¡H
°ò¥»¤W¡A¦w¸Ë¤@³¡ Linux ¦³¤ä´©ªº¦Lªí¾÷¡A¯uªº¬O§Ö³t°Õ¡I
§Q¥Î web ¤¶±ºÞ²z CUPS ¦Lªí¾÷
°£¤F¨Ï¥Î¤â°Êªº¤è¦¡¼W¥[¦Lªí¾÷¤§¥~¡A¨ä¹ê¡A§ÚÌÁÙ¥i¥H³z¹L web ¤¶±¨ÓºÞ²z³o³¡¦Lªí¾÷³á¡I
¨ä¹ê¬OºÞ²z CUPS ³oÓ daemon °Õ¡I¦pªG±z¬O¦b Linux ¥»¾÷«e±¨Ï¥Î X Window ªº¸Ü¡A
¨º»ò¤°»ò³£¤£¥²·Q¡Aª½±µ¦b X Window ·í¤¤ªºÂsÄý¾¹¿é¤J¡y http://localhost:631 ¡z
´N¥i¥H¶i¤JºÞ²zµe±¤F¡C¦pªG¹³³¾ô¤@¼Ë¡A§Úªº Linux ¥D¾÷³£¬O¤£¶} X Window ªº¡A
¨º´N±on§@¤@¨Ç¤â¸}°Õ¡I
º¥ý¡A§ÚÌ¥²¶·nÅý CUPS ±µ¨ü¨Ó¦Û¤º³¡ºô¬qªº Client ºÝºÞ²z¡A°²³]§Úªº¤º³¡ºô¬q¬O
192.168.1.0/24 ¡A¨º»ò§Ú´N±on³o¼Ë°µ¡G
1. קï /etc/cups/cupsd.conf ªºÅv±±¨î
[root@linux ~]# vi /etc/cups/cupsd.conf
# §ä¨ì©³¤Uªº¦r²´¡A·s¼W¯S®í¦rÅ骺³¡¤À¡I
Port 631 <==½T©w¤@¤U¡A¤j¬ù¦b 434 ¦æ¥ª¥k¡A·|¦³³oÓ¬q¸¨
<Location /> <==³oÓ¤j¬ù¦b 773 ¦æ¥ª¥k
Order Deny,Allow
Deny From All
Allow From 127.0.0.1
Allow From 192.168.1.0/24 <==¥[¤J³o¤@¦æ§a¡I
</Location>
<Location /admin> <==³oÓ¤j¬ù¬O¦b 831 ¦æ¥ª¥k¡C
AuthType Digest <==§â³o¸Ì§@Óקï¡I
AuthClass System
Order Deny,Allow
Deny From All
Allow From 127.0.0.1
Allow From 192.168.1.0/24 <==¥[¤J³o¤@¦æ§a¡I
</Location>
# ¦pªG§A´¿¸g¨Ï¥Î seutp ¤ºªº Printer configuration ³]©w¹L¦Lªí¾÷ªº¸Ü¡A
# ¨ºÀ³¸Ó·|¬Ý¨ì©³¤U³o¨Ç¦r²´¡Aª`·N¡A±N³o¨Ç¸ê®Æ³q³q§R°£¡I
<Location /printers/lexmark>
Order Deny,Allow
Deny From All
Allow From 127.0.0.1
AuthType None
</Location>
# Lines below are automatically generated - DO NOT EDIT
Browsing On
BrowseProtocols cups
BrowseOrder Deny,Allow
BrowseAllow from @LOCAL
Listen 127.0.0.1:631
# ¨Ò¦p¤W±³o 13 ¦æ¦r¡A¥þ³¡³q³q§R°£§a¡I§_«h·|³y¦¨°ÝÃD¡I
2. «·s±Ò°Ê cups §a¡I
[root@linux ~]# /etc/init.d/cups restart
[root@linux ~]# netstat -tlnp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 28018/cupsd
# ª`·N°Ú¡I±z¶}±ÒªººÊÅ¥ºô°ì¡A¥²¶·n¬O 0.0.0.0 ¤~¹ï¡A¦pªG¥X²{ 127.0.0.1 ¡A
# ¨º´Nªí¥Ü±zªº cupsd.conf ³]©w¿ù»~°Õ¡I
3. ³]©wºÞ²z¦Lªí¾÷ªººÞ²zû±b¸¹±K½X
[root@linux ~]# lppasswd [-a] [-x] [username]
°Ñ¼Æ¡G
-a ¡G·s¼W¤@ÓºÞ²z¦Lªí¾÷ªº±b¸¹
-x ¡G§R°£¸Ó±b¸¹
ª`·N¡A¸Ó±b¸¹¬O§ÚÌ¥i¥HÀH·N¨úªº¡A¤£¤@©wn¦b /etc/passwd ¸Ì±¡I
[root@linux ~]# lppasswd -a printermaster
Enter password:
Enter password again:
[root@linux ~]# cat /etc/cups/passwd.md5
printermaster:sys:a22ad518d345467ae72d3eb2cf4cdcc1
# ³o´N¬O§Ú̧Q¥Î lppasswd «Ø¥ß°_¨Óªº±K½X¸ê®Æ°Ú¡I
|
±µ¤U¨Ó©O¡H¨þ¨þ¡Iª½±µ¨ì°Ï°ì¤ºªº¥ô¦ó¤@³¡¹q¸£¤W±¡A±Ò°ÊÂsÄý¾¹¡Aª½±µ¿é¤J¡G¡y
http://192.168.1.2:631 ¡z°²©w§Úªº Linux ¥D¾÷¬° 192.168.1.2 ¡A¨º´N·|¬Ý¨ì¦p¤Uµe±¡G
¹Ï¡B§Q¥Î CUPS ªº Web ¤¶±ºÞ²z¦Lªí¾÷
¦@¦³¤»¤j¿ï¶µ¡A§Ṳ́ñ¸û¸g±`¨Ï¥ÎªºÀ³¸Ó¬O Printers ¥H¤Î Administration ³o¨â¶µ¦Ó¤w¡C
¦b«ö¤U¤F Printer ¶µ¥Ø¤§«á¡A´N·|¥X²{¦p¤Uªºµe±¡G
¹Ï¡B§Q¥Î CUPS ªº Web ¤¶±ºÞ²z¦Lªí¾÷
¬Ý¨ì¤F¶Ü¡Hèè§Ú̳]©w¦¨¥\ªº¦Lªí¾÷¤w¸g¦b¤WÀY°Õ¡I
¦Ó¥BÁÙ¥i¥H¬Ý¨ì¦U³¡¤À¸Ô²Óªº¸ê®Æ¡A«Ü¤£¿ù§a¡I¦pªG·Qn¶i¦æ¤@¨ÇÃB¥~ªº°Ñ¼Æ³]©w¡A
¨Ò¦p«ö¤U¤W¹Ï·í¤¤¡A¥ª¤U¨¤ªº Add Printer ¡A´N·|¥X²{¦p¤Uªº»{ÃÒµøµ¡¡G
¹Ï¡B§Q¥Î CUPS ªº Web ¤¶±ºÞ²z¦Lªí¾÷
¿é¤Jèè§Ṳ́~¥H lppasswd «Ø¥ßªº±b¸¹»P±K½X¡A¨º»ò¥ß¨è´N·|¥X²{¦p¤Uªºµe±¤F¡G
¹Ï¡B§Q¥Î CUPS ªº Web ¤¶±ºÞ²z¦Lªí¾÷
¤W¹Ïªºµe±¨ä¹ê»P setup ¸Ì±ªº·s¼W¦Lªí¾÷¹Lµ{®t¤£¦h¡A
¥u¬O¤W±ªºµe±¬O¥H¹Ï§Î¤¶±Åã¥Ü¥X¨Óªº¦Ó¤w°Ú¡I ^_^¡C§ó¦hªº¨Ï¥Î¤è¦¡¡A
´N¦³«Ý±z¦Û¤v¥hµo±¸Åo¡I ^_^
¥t¥~¡A¦pªG§A¦Ñ¬O¸Õ¤£¥X¨Ó»{ÃÒªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò°®¯Ü§â /etc/cups/cupsd.conf ¸Ì±ªº¡yAuthType »P AuthClass¡z
³o¨âӰѼÆÃö±¼¡A¦p¦¹¤@¨Ó¡A´N¤£·|n¨D§A¿é¤J±b¸¹±K½X¡A·|ª½±µÅý±z¶i¤J¦Lªí¾÷ºÞ²zûªººÞ²z¤¶±³á¡I
¯S®íªº filesystem¡G LVM
¦b²Ä¤G½gªº¤º®e¸Ì±¡A§ÚÌ¥Dn½Í¨ì¤FºÏºÐÀɮרt²Î¡A¤]¾å±o¤F¡A¦pªG¦b¦w¸Ëªì´Á¡A
¨S¦³°µ¦n¾ãÓµwºÐªº³W¹º®É¡A¨º»ò¥¼¨Ón·s¼WºÏºÐªÅ¶¡¡A·|«Ü³Â·Ð¡ã¡ã¤£¹L¡A³oÓ°ÝÃD¦b LVM ±«e¡A
¦ü¥G¼vÅT´N¤£¤j¤F¡I¬°¤°»ò©O¡H¦]¬° LVM ¥i¥H¾ã¦X¦hÓ¹êÅé partition ¦b¤@°_¡A
Åý³o¨Ç partitions ¬Ý°_¨Ó´N¹³¬O¤@ӺϺФ@¼Ë¡I¦Ó¥B¡AÁÙ¥i¥H¦b¥¼¨Ó·s¼W¨ä¥Lªº¹êÅé partition
¨ì³oÓ LVM ºÞ²zªººÏºÐ·í¤¤¡C ¦p¦¹¤@¨Ó¡A¾ãӺϺЪŶ¡ªº¨Ï¥Î¤W¡A¹ê¦b¬O¬Û·íªº¨ã¦³¼u©Ê°Ú¡I
¤°»ò¬O LVM¡G PV, PE, VG, LV
¬JµMnª± LVM ªº¸Ü¡A¨º´N±o¹ï LVM ¦³ÂIÁA¸Ñ¤~¦æ°Ú¡I¨Æ¹ê¤W¡A LVM ¨ä¹ê´N¬O±N´XÓ¹êÅ骺 partitions
³z¹L³nÅé²Õ¦X¦¨¤@¶ô¬Ý°_¨Ó¹³¬O¿W¥ßªº¤jºÏºÐ¡A¦Ón¥Î³o¶ô¤jºÏºÐ¡A´N±on¦A±N¥L¤À³Î¦¨¬°¥i¥H¨Ï¥Îªº
partition ¤~¦æ¡I¦Ó§Ú̪¾¹D¨CÓ partition ¤W±ªº filesystem ¦]¬° block ¤j¤pªº¤£¦P¦Ó¦³¨î¡A
¦P¼Ëªº¡A LVM ªº¤jºÏºÐ¤j¤p¤]¬O¦³¨îªº¡A¥Dn¬O¤@ÓºÙ¬° PE ªº©N©N¡C§ÚÌ¥ý¨Ó§@¤@¨Ç²³æªº¸ÑÄÀ§a¡I
- Physical Volume, ²ºÙ PV¡G
³oÓ´N¬O¹êÅéºÏºÐ°Õ¡I§ÚÌ¥²¶·n±N쥻ªººÏºÐ¡A¨Ò¦p /dev/hda5, /dev/hda6 µ¥µ¥ªº partition
¡A§Q¥Î fdisk µ¥³nÅé¡A±N¥L̪º ID §ï¬° LVM (8e) ¡A¨Ã¥BקïºÏºÐªº¬ÛÃö¸ê°T¡A
Åý¥L¦¨¬° LVM ¥i¥H¨Ï¥ÎªººÏºÐ¤~¦æ¡C¤°»ò¬O ID °Ú¡HÁÙ°O±o¨Ï¥Î fdisk -l ¬Ý¨ìªº¸ê®Æ§a¡H
ID 83 ¬O Linux ªº partition ¡A 82 «h¬O Swap ªº¥N¸¹¡I³o¼ËÁA¤F§a¡H
¤@¶ôºÏºÐÅܦ¨ PV «á¡A LVM ¤~¯à°÷§Q¥Î¸Ó partition ³á¡I«n«n¡I
- Volume Group, ²ºÙ VG¡G
¨ä¹ê§ÚÌ LVM ¥Dnªº¥Øªº´N¬On«Ø¥ß³oÓ VG °Õ¡I¥L¥Dn´N¬O±Nè誺¤@өΦhÓ PV
²Õ¦X¦¨¬°¤@Ó¤jºÏºÐ¡ã³oÓ¤jºÏºÐ¥i¥H§@¬°«áÄòªº¤À³Î¤§¥Î³á¡I
¨º»ò³oÓ¤jºÏºÐªº®e¶q³Ì¤j¥i¨ì¦h¤j©O¡H³Ì¤j®e¶qªºÈ»P©³¤Uªº PE ¦³Ãö¡A
¦pªG§¹¥þ¨Ï¥Î LVM ªº¹w³]°Ñ¼Æ®É¡A¨º»ò¤@ӳ̤jªº LVM ºÏºÐ¥i¹F¨ì 256 GBytes¡C
- Physical Extend, ²ºÙ PE¡G
¦b«Ø¥ß VG ªº®ÉÔ¡A§Ú̦P®É»Ýn«ü©w PE ³oÓ¼ÆÈ¡I¦pªG¤£«ü©wªº¸Ü¡A¥L¹w³]¬O 4MB ªº¤j¤p¡C
·í PE ¬° 4MB ®É¡A VG ³Ì¤jªº®e¶q´N¬O 256 GBytes °Õ¡I¨º»ò³oÓ PE ¬O¤°»òª±·N¨à¡H¡H
§Ú̦b ºÏºÐÀɮרt²Î ¨ºÓ³¹¸`·í¤¤´£¨ìªº
inode, block »P filesystem ¤j¤pªº¬ÛÃö©Ê·í¤¤¡A
¦³´£¨ì¦b ext2/ext3 Àɮרt²Îªº®æ¦¡¤Æ¹Lµ{¤¤¡A¤£¦Pªº block ¤j¤p±N·|¼vÅT¨ì¾ãÓ filesystem
¤j¤pªº¤ä´©«×¡C¨º³oÓ PE ¨ä¹ê´N¦³ÂI¹³¬O VG ªº block °Õ¡I
©Ò¥H¥Lªº¤j¤p±N·|¼vÅT¨ì VG ªº³Ì¤jȳá¡I¦pªG§A·QnÅý§Aªº VG ¤j©ó¹w³]ªº 256 GB ®É¡A
°O±onקï³oÓ¼ÆÈ¡I(¨ä¹ê¡A¤@Ó VG ³Ì¤j¥i¥H®e³\ 65534 Ó PE ¡A
©Ò¥H¡Aקï PE È¡A·íµM´N·|¼vÅT¨ì³Ì¤jªº VG ®e¶q°Õ¡I )
- Logical Volume, ²ºÙ LV¡G
³oÓ LV ´N¬O³Ì«á³Q±¾¸ü¨ìÀɮרt²Îªº partition Åo¡ã³oÓ LV ¬O¥Ñ VG ¤À³Î¨Óªº°Õ¡ã
¥L·|«Ø¥ß¤@Ӹ˸m¥N¸¹¡A¨Ò¦p /dev/vgname/lvname ¦b±zªº¨t²Î·í¤¤°Ú¡I
³z¹L PV, VG, LV ªº³W¹º¤§«á¡A¦A§Q¥Î mkfs (mke2fs -j) µ¥µ¥´N¥i¥H±N±zªº¦hÓ partition ¾ã¦X¦¨¬°¤@Ó¤jºÏºÐ¡A
¦A§Q¥Î³oÓ¤jºÏºÐ¨Ó¤À³Î»P®æ¦¡¤Æ¡A´N OK ªº°Õ¡I¦Ó¥B¡A³oÓ¤jºÏºÐ¥i¥H¶i¦æ¼W¥[¡B´î¤Ö®e¶qªºÅܤơA
¤]´N¬O»¡¡A³oÓ VG ¤jºÏºÐ¥i¥H©â´« PV ù¡I¨Ã¥B즳ªº¸ê®Æ¡A²z½×¤W¡A¨Ã¤£·|³Q¼vÅT³á¡I¬O§_«Ü´Î°Ú¡I
¾ãÓ LVM ªº³B²z¬yµ{»P¦U¤¸¥ó¤§¶¡ªº¬ÛÃö©Ê¡A§Ú̪½±µ¥H¤U¹Ï¨Ó¬Ý¬Ý§a¡I
¹Ï¡BLVM ¦U¤¸¥ó¤§¶¡ªº¬ÛÃö©Ê
¦p¦¹¤@¨Ó¡A§ÚÌ´N¥i¥H§Q¥Î LV ³oÓª±·N¨à¨Ó¶i¦æ¨t²Îªº±¾¸ü¤F¡C¤£¹L¡A±zÀ³¸Ó·|ı±o©_©Çªº¬O¡A
¨º»ò§Úªº¸ê®Æ¼g¤J³oÓ LV ®É¡A¨ì©³¥L¬O«ç»ò¼g¤JµwºÐ·í¤¤ªº¡H
¨þ¨þ¡I¦n°ÝÃD¡ã¨ä¹ê¡A¨Ì¾Ú¼g¤J¾÷¨îªº¤£¦P¡A¦Ó¦³¨âºØ¤è¦¡¡G
- ½u©Ê¼Ò¦¡ (linear)¡G°²¦p§Ú±N /dev/hda1, /dev/hdb1 ³o¨âÓ partition ¥[¤J¨ì VG ·í¤¤¡A¨Ã¥B¾ãÓ VG
¥u¦³¤@Ó LV ®É¡A¨º»ò©Ò¿×ªº½u©Ê¼Ò¦¡´N¬O¡G·í /dev/hda1 ªº®e¶q¥Î§¹¤§«á¡A
/dev/hdb1 ªºµwºÐ¤~·|³Q¨Ï¥Î¨ì¡C
- ¥æ¿ù¼Ò¦¡ (triped)¡G¨º¤°»ò¬O¥æ¿ù¼Ò¦¡¡H«Ü²³æ°Ú¡A´N¬O§Ú±N¤@µ§¸ê®Æ©î¦¨¨â³¡¤À¡A
¤À§O¼g¤J /dev/hda1 »P /dev/hdb1 ªº·N«ä¡C¦p¦¹¤@¨Ó¡A¤@¥÷¸ê®Æ¥Î¨âÁûµwºÐ¨Ó¼g¤J¡A
²z½×¤W¡AŪ¼gªº®Ä¯à·|¤ñ¸û¦n¡C
°ò¥»¤W¡A LVM ³Ì¥Dnªº¥Î³B¬O¦b»s³y²£¥Í¤@Ó¤jºÏºÐ¡A
¦Ó¤£¬O¦b«Ø¥ß¤@Ӯįର¥DªººÏºÐ¤W¡A©Ò¥H¡A§ÚÌÀ³¸Ó§Q¥Îªº¬O LVM ¥i¥H¼u©ÊºÞ²z¾ãÓ partition
¤j¤pªº¥Î³~¤W¡A¦Ó¤£¬OµÛ²´¦b®Ä¯à¤Wªº¡C¦]¦¹¡A LVM ¹w³]ªºÅª¼g¼Ò¦¡¬O½u©Ê¼Ò¦¡°Õ¡I
¦pªG±z¨Ï¥Î triped ¼Ò¦¡¡Anª`·N¡A·í¥ô¦ó¤@Ó partition ¡yÂk¤Ñ¡z®É¡A©Ò¦³ªº¸ê®Æ³£·|¡y·l·´¡zªº¡I
©Ò¥H°Õ¡A¤£¬O«Ü¾A¦X¨Ï¥Î³oºØ¼Ò¦¡°Õ¡I¦pªGn±j½Õ®Ä¯à»P³Æ¥÷¡A¨º»ò´Nª½±µ¨Ï¥Î RAID §Y¥i¡A
¤£»Ýn¥Î¨ì LVM °Ú¡I³o¼Ë»¡¡AÀ³¸Ó¥i¥H±µ¨ü§a¡I
Á`¤§¡A³¾ô»{¬°¡A¾ãÓ LVM ³Ì¤jªº¥Î³~§Y¬O¦b¼u©ÊºÞ²zºÏºÐªº®e¶q¡AÅý§AªººÏºÐ¥i¥HÀH®É©ñ¤j©ÎÁY¤p¡A
¤è«K±z±N³Ñ¾lªººÏºÐªÅ¶¡§@¤@Ó¸û¬°¨}¦nªºÀ³¥Î¡I
»s§@¤@Ó¥i¨Ï¥Îªº LVM ºÏºÐ¬yµ{
nÅý§Aªº Linux ¨Ï¥Î LVM ªº¥\¯à¡A°£¤F®Ö¤ß¥²¶·n¦³¤ä´©¤§¥~¡A
§A¤]¥²¶·n¦w¸Ë lvm2 ³oÓ®M¥ó¤~¦æ°Ú¡I¦n¦b¡A FC4 »P¨ä¥L¸û·sªº distributions
¥Ø«eªº¹w³]®Ö¤ß³£¦³¤ä´© LVM ªº¡A³oÓ´N¤£»Ýn¾á¤ß¤F¡ã¨þ¨þ¡C¥t¥~¡A lvm2 ¦ü¥G¤]¬O¹w³]¦w¸Ëªº¡A
¤]¤£»Ýn¾á¤ß¡I¯u¬O¦n´Î°Ú¡I ^_^
¾ãÓ LVM ªº»s§@¬yµ{¡A´N¸ò§Ṳ́WÓ¤p¸`´£¨ìªº¨º±i¹Ï¤@¼Ë¡A¥ý»s§@ PV¡A¦A²£¥Í VG¡A
³Ì«á¤À³Î¥X LV «á¡A´N¥i¥H®æ¦¡¤Æ»P±¾¸üÅo¡IOK¡I¨º§ÚÌ©³¤U´N¤@¨B¤@¨B¨Ó¹ê§@¬Ý¬Ý§a¡I
¥ý»¡©ú¤@¤U³¾ôªºÀô¹Ò¡A§ÚªºÀô¹Ò¬O FC4 ¡A¦³¤@Ó 30 GB ªºµwºÐ©ñ¦b /dev/hdb ¡A
³oÁûµwºÐ쥻´N¤w¸g³Q¤À³Î¦¨¬°¤TÓ partition ¡A¤À§O¬° /dev/hdb1, /dev/hdb2, /dev/hdb3¡A
¦U¤j¬ù¦³ 10GB ¥ª¥kªº®e¶q¡C¦pªG¬d¾\¤@¤U¨t²Î¡A¥L·|³o¼ËÅã¥Ü¡G
[root@linux ~]# fdisk -l /dev/hdb
Disk /dev/hdb: 30.7 GB, 30738677760 bytes
16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 59560 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/hdb1 1 19377 9765976+ 83 Linux
/dev/hdb2 19378 38754 9766008 83 Linux
/dev/hdb3 38755 59560 10486224 83 Linux
|
²{¦b¡A§Ú·Qn»s§@¤@Ó LVM ªººÏºÐ¥X¨Ó¡Aº¥ý¡A§Ú·Qn±N /dev/hdb1, /dev/hdb2 ³o¨âÓ
partition ¥[¤J³oÓ LVM ·í¤¤¡A¨Ó½Í¤@½Í«ç»ò»s§@§a¡I ^_^
«Ø¥ß PV »P PV ªº¬d¸ß¡G
n«Ø¥ß PV ¨ä¹ê«Ü²³æ¡A¥unª½±µ¨Ï¥Î pvcreate §Y¥i¡I§Ų́ӽͤ@½Í»P PV ¦³Ãöªº«ü¥O§a¡I
- pvcreate ¡G±N¹êÅé partition «Ø¥ß¦¨¬° PV ¡F
- pvscan ¡G·j´M¥Ø«e¨t²Î¸Ì±¥ô¦ó¨ã¦³ PV ªººÏºÐ¡F
- pvdisplay ¡GÅã¥Ü¥X¥Ø«e¨t²Î¤W±ªº PV ª¬ºA¡F
- pvremove ¡G±N PV Äݩʲ¾°£¡AÅý¸Ó partition ¤£¨ã¦³ PV ÄÝ©Ê¡C
- partprobe ¡G³oÓ«ü¥O¥i¥HÅý®Ö¤ß¥ß¨èŪ¤J³Ì·sªº partition table ¦Ó¤£¥² reboot¡C
¨º´Nª½±µ¨ÓÁ@¤@Á@§a¡I
1. ¥ý«Ø¥ßºÏºÐ¦¨¬° ID ¬° 8e §a¡I
[root@linux ~]# fdisk /dev/hdb
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/hdb: 30.7 GB, 30738677760 bytes
16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 59560 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/hdb1 1 19377 9765976+ 83 Linux
/dev/hdb2 19378 38754 9766008 83 Linux
/dev/hdb3 38755 59560 10486224 83 Linux
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-4): 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-4): 2
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 2 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/hdb: 30.7 GB, 30738677760 bytes
16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 59560 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/hdb1 1 19377 9765976+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/hdb2 19378 38754 9766008 8e Linux LVM
/dev/hdb3 38755 59560 10486224 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
# Á@¨ì¤F¶Ü¡H¨S¿ù¡I¾ãÓ ID ³Q§ó§ï¤F¡I
[root@linux ~]# partprobe
# ³oÓ«ü¥O¦³½ì¤F¡I¥L¥i¥HÅý®Ö¤ß¥ß¨èŪ¨ú³Ì·sªº partition table
# ¡A¦Ó¤£»Ýn«·s¶}¾÷³á¡I
2. ¶}©l±N쥻ªººÏºÐ»s§@¦¨¬° PV ªº®æ¦¡³á¡I
[root@linux ~]# pvscan
No matching physical volumes found
[root@linux ~]# pvcreate /dev/hdb1
Physical volume "/dev/hdb1" successfully created
[root@linux ~]# pvcreate /dev/hdb2
Physical volume "/dev/hdb2" successfully created
[root@linux ~]# pvscan
PV /dev/hdb1 lvm2 [9.31 GB]
PV /dev/hdb2 lvm2 [9.31 GB]
Total: 2 [18.63 GB] / in use: 0 [0 ] / in no VG: 2 [18.63 GB]
# èè§Ú̱N¾ãÓ partition §ï¦¨¬° PV ®æ¦¡«á¡A§Q¥Î pvscan
# ´N¥i¥H¬Ý¨ì¾ãÅ骺 PV ª¬ºA¤F¡C¦pªGn¬Ýªº§ó¸Ô²Ó¡A¨º´N¦p¤U©Ò¥Ü¡G
[root@linux ~]# pvdisplay
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/hdb1
VG Name
PV Size 9.31 GB
Allocatable NO
PE Size (KByte) 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID CW7uAt-ZJa3-BMxe-tfti-16WU-OfNV-BQM6d8
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/hdb2
VG Name
PV Size 9.31 GB
Allocatable NO
PE Size (KByte) 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID 1lc2SK-tfGN-ReOr-3mNi-nDAp-mpmb-lHUQFG
# ¨S¿ù§a¡I½T¹ê«Ø¥ß°_¨Ó¤F¡I°ò¥»¤W¡A PV ªº¦WºÙ»P¹ê»Úªº partition è¦n¬Û¦P¡I
# ¤£¹L¡A VG ¥i´N¤£¬O³o»ò¦^¨Æ¤F¡C¥Ñ©ó§ÚÌ©|¥¼¹ï³o¨âÓ PV ¤À°t VG¡A
# ©Ò¥H¤W±Åã¥Üªº VG Name ´N¨S¦³¥ô¦ó¸ê®Æ°Ú¡I
|
Á¿¬O«ÜÃø¡A§@¬O«Ü²³æ¡I³o¼Ë´N±N PV «Ø¥ß¤F¨âÓÅo¡I²³æ¨ì¤£¦æ§a¡I ^_^
¶}©l«Ø¥ß VG ¡G
«Ø¥ß VG ¤Î VG ¬ÛÃöªº«ü¥O¤]¤£¤Ö¡A§Ų́ӬݬݡG
- vgcreate ¡G´N¬O¥Dn«Ø¥ß VG ªº«ü¥O°Õ¡I¥Lªº°Ñ¼Æ¤ñ¸û¦h¡Aµ¥¤@¤U¤¶²Ð¡C
- vgscan ¡G·j´M¨t²Î¤W±¬O§_¦³ VG ¦s¦b¡H
- vgdisplay ¡GÅã¥Ü¥Ø«e¨t²Î¤W±ªº VG ª¬ºA¡F
- vgextend ¡G¦b VG ¤º¼W¥[ÃB¥~ªº PV ¡F
- vgreduce ¡G¦b VG ¤º²¾°£ PV¡F
- vgchange ¡G³]©w VG ¬O§_±Ò°Ê (active)¡F
- vgremove ¡G§R°£¤@Ó VG °Ú¡I
»P PV ¤£¦Pªº¬O¡A VG ªº¦WºÙ¬O¦Ûqªº¡I§Ú̪¾¹D PV ªº¦WºÙ¨ä¹ê´N¬O partition ªº¸Ë¸m¥N¸¹¡A
¦ý¬O³oÓ VG ¦WºÙ¡A«h¬O¥i¥HÀH«K§A¦Û¤v¨ú°Ú¡I¦b©³¤Uªº¨Ò¤l·í¤¤¡A
§Ú±N VG ¦WºÙ¨ú¦W¬° vbirdvg ¡A©Ò¥H«Ø¥ß³oÓ VG ªº¬yµ{¬O³o¼Ëªº¡G
1. ¥ý«Ø¥ß VG §a¡I
[root@linux ~]# vgcreate vbirdvg /dev/hdb1 /dev/hdb2
Volume group "vbirdvg" successfully created
# ¾ãÓ vgcreate ªº»yªk«Ü²³æ¡A´N¬O§Q¥Î vgcreate VGname PVname1 PVname2..
# ¤£¹L¡A¦pªG·Qnקï«e±´£¨ìªº PE °Ñ¼Æ®É¡A´N±on¥[¤J -s PE ¼ÆȤF¡I
[root@linux ~]# vgscan
Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while...
Found volume group "vbirdvg" using metadata type lvm2
[root@linux ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vbirdvg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 18.62 GB
PE Size 4.00 MB
Total PE 4768
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 4768 / 18.62 GB
VG UUID AZRSJx-FWYF-UIlH-NCh5-NqKS-f4gx-ZR049N
2. ¹Á¸Õ©â´«¤@¤U PV §a¡I
[root@linux ~]# vgreduce vbirdvg /dev/hdb2
Removed "/dev/hdb2" from volume group "vbirdvg"
[root@linux ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vbirdvg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 2
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 9.31 GB
PE Size 4.00 MB
Total PE 2384
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 2384 / 9.31 GB
VG UUID AZRSJx-FWYF-UIlH-NCh5-NqKS-f4gx-ZR049N
[root@linux ~]# vgextend vbirdvg /dev/hdb2
Volume group "vbirdvg" successfully extended
# °ò¥»¤W¡A¤£Ãø§a¡I³o¼Ë´N¥i¥H©â´«¾ãÓ VG ªº¤j¤p°Ú¡I
# ¥t¥~¡A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î pvscan ¬Ý¤@¤U PV »P VG ªº¬ÛÃö©Ê³á¡I
[root@linux ~]# pvscan
PV /dev/hdb1 VG vbirdvg lvm2 [9.31 GB / 9.31 GB free]
PV /dev/hdb2 VG vbirdvg lvm2 [9.31 GB / 9.31 GB free]
Total: 2 [18.62 GB] / in use: 2 [18.62 GB] / in no VG: 0 [0 ]
|
¦p¦¹¤@¨Ó¡A§ÚÌ´N«Ø¥ß¤F¤@Ó¦n¤j¦n¤jªººÏºÐ¡A¥L¬O¾ã¦X¤F /dev/hdb1 ¤Î /dev/hdb2 °Õ¡I
¥Ñ©ó VG ªº³Ì¤j®e¶q»P PE ¦³Ãö¡APE ³Ì¦h¨î¦b 65534 Ó¡A¦ý¨CÓ PE ªº¤j¤p«h¤£©T©w¡C
¹w³] PE ¬O 4 MB ¡A¦pªG§A·Qn§ï¦¨ 16MB ªº¸Ü¡A¨º´N±on³o¼Ë«Ø¥ß¡G
vgcreate -s 16M vbirdvg /dev/hdb1
/dev/hdb2
¨º»ò³Ì¤j VG ªº®e¶q´N·|¥Ñ 256GB ¼W¥[¬° 1TB °Õ¡I¸Ô²Ó»¡©ú½Ð°Ñ¦Ò man vgcreate ³á¡I
«Ø¥ß LV §a¡I
³Ð³y¥X VG ³oÓ¤jºÏºÐ¤§«á¡A¦A¨Ó´N¬On«Ø¥ß¤À³Î°Ï°Õ¡I
³oÓ¤À³Î°Ï´N¬O©Ò¿×ªº LV Åo¡I°²³]§Ún±Nèè¨ºÓ vbirdvg ºÏºÐ¡A¤À³Î¦¨¬° vbirdlv ¡A
¾ãÓ VG ³£³Q¤À°t¨ì vbirdlv ¸Ì±¥h¡I¥ý¨Ó¬Ý¬Ý¯à¨Ï¥Îªº«ü¥O«á¡A
´Nª½±µ¤u§@¤F¥ý¡I
- lvcreate ¡G«Ø¥ß LV °Õ¡I
- lvscan ¡G¬d¸ß¨t²Î¤W±ªº LV ¡F
- lvdisplay ¡GÅã¥Ü¨t²Î¤W±ªº LV ª¬ºA°Ú¡I
- lvextend ¡G¦b LV ¸Ì±¼W¥[®e¶q¡I
- lvreduce ¡G¦b LV ¸Ì±´î¤Ö®e¶q¡F
- lvremove ¡G§R°£¤@Ó LV ¡I
- lvresize ¡G¹ï LV ¶i¦æ®e¶q¤j¤pªº½Õ¾ã¡I
1. ±N¾ãÓ vbirdvg ³q³q¤À°tµ¹ vbirdlv °Ú¡I
[root@linux ~]# lvcreate -L [sizeMG] -n [LVname] VGname
°Ñ¼Æ¡G
-L ¡G«á±±µ®e¶q¡A®e¶qªº³æ¦ì¥i¥H¬O M, G µ¥µ¥¡F
-n ¡G«á±±µªº´N¬O LV ªº¦WºÙ°Õ¡I
§ó¦hªº»¡©úÀ³¸Ó¥i¥H¦Û¦æ¬d¾\§a¡I man lvcreate
[root@linux ~]# lvcreate -L 18.62G -n vbirdlv vbirdvg
Rounding up size to full physical extent 18.62 GB
Logical volume "vbirdlv" created
[root@linux ~]# ll /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 27 Nov 14 21:10 /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv ->
/dev/mapper/vbirdvg-vbirdlv
# ¬Ý¨£¤F¨S¦³°Ú¡I¡H³o´N¬O§Ú̳̫nªº¤@Óª±·N¨à¤F¡I
# ¥¼¨Ó©Ò¦³n±¾¸üªº¸ê®Æ¡A³q³q¬O³z¹L³oӸ˸mªº¡I
[root@linux ~]# lvscan
ACTIVE '/dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv' [18.62 GB] inherit
[root@linux ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv
VG Name vbirdvg
LV UUID B6kSrg-9LMG-gqVy-jjz8-x0gM-ya9S-XLFcZN
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 18.62 GB
Current LE 4767
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors 0
Block device 253:0
|
¦p¦¹¤@¨Ó¡A¾ãÓ partition ¤]·Ç³Æ¦n°Õ¡I
partition ªº®æ¦¡¤Æ»P±¾¸ü¡I
³oÓ³¡¤À³¾ô§Ú´N¤£¦A¦h¥[¸ÑÄÀ¤F¡Iª½±µ¨Ó¶i¦æ§a¡I
[root@linux ~]# mke2fs -j /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv
[root@linux ~]# mkdir /mnt/lvm
[root@linux ~]# mount -t ext3 /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv /mnt/lvm
[root@linux ~]# df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/hda2 9920624 3029712 6378844 33% /
/dev/hda1 101086 16524 79343 18% /boot
/dev/hda5 19236308 190776 18068380 2% /disk1
/dev/hda6 161836268 94272 153521136 1% /models
/dev/shm 192528 0 192528 0% /dev/shm
/dev/mapper/vbirdvg-vbirdlv
19219156 176288 18066588 1% /mnt/lvm
[root@linux ~]# fdisk -l /dev/hdb
Disk /dev/hdb: 30.7 GB, 30738677760 bytes
16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 59560 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/hdb1 1 19377 9765976+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/hdb2 19378 38754 9766008 8e Linux LVM
/dev/hdb3 38755 59560 10486224 83 Linux
|
ª¾¹D¨ºÃ䤣¦P¤F¶Ü¡H¨S¿ù¡Iì©lªº partition ÁÙ¦s¦b¡A¦ý¬O§ÚÌ«o¥i¥H¨Ï¥ÎÃB¥~ªº LVM
¥\¯à¡A±N¨Ó¦Û¤£¦Pªº partition ªº®e¶q¾ãÓ¾ã¦X¦b¤@°_¡A¹ê¦b¬Oµ¹¥L¬Û·íªº¦³½ì°Ú¡I ^_^
Åý즳ªº LVM ºÏºÐ¥[¤jªº¤èªk¡G
resize2fs
¦n¤F¡AÁA¸Ñ¤F¦p¦ó»s§@ LVM ¤§«á¡A±µ¤U¨Ó«h¬O¤ñ¸û¶i¶¥ªº¨Ï¥Î°Õ¡I§Ú̪¾¹D vbirdvg ¤w¸g¦³¨âÓ PV¡A
¦ý¬O¹ê»Ú¤W¡A§ÚÌÁÙ¦³Ó /dev/hdb3 ªº¹êÅé partition °Ú¡I¨º»ò¦p¦ó±N³oÓ /dev/hdb3
¥[¤J¨ì vbirdvg ¡A¥BÅý vbirdlv ¼W¥[©O¡H¨ä¹ê¤]¤£Ãø°Õ¡I§A¥²¶·n¡G
- ±N±ý³B²zªº LV ¨ø¸ü¡F
- «Ø¥ß PV¡F
- ±N«Ø¥ßªº PV ¥H vgextend ¼W¥[¨ì VG ·í¤¤¡F
- §Q¥Î lvextend ¼W¥[èè VG ©Ò¼W¥[ªº®e¶q¡F
- §Q¥Î resize2fs ±N LV ªº®e¶q½T¹ê¼W¥[¡I
[root@linux ~]# umount /mnt/lvm
[root@linux ~]# fdisk /dev/hdb
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-4): 3
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 3 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
[root@linux ~]# partprobe
[root@linux ~]# pvcreate /dev/hdb3
Physical volume "/dev/hdb3" successfully created
[root@linux ~]# vgextend vbirdvg /dev/hdb3
Volume group "vbirdvg" successfully extended
[root@linux ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vbirdvg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 3
Metadata Sequence No 5
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 3
Act PV 3
VG Size 28.62 GB
PE Size 4.00 MB
Total PE 7327
Alloc PE / Size 4767 / 18.62 GB
Free PE / Size 2560 / 10.00 GB
VG UUID AZRSJx-FWYF-UIlH-NCh5-NqKS-f4gx-ZR049N
# ¨S¿ùªº¡I¬O¼W¥[¤F¡I¤]¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î pvscan ¬d¾\³á¡I
# ¦Ó¥B³Ñ¾lªº¨S¦³¨Ï¥Îªº VG ®e¶q¬O 10.00 GB ³á¡I¬Ý²M·¡³oÓ¦a¤è¡I ^_^
[root@linux ~]# pvscan
PV /dev/hdb1 VG vbirdvg lvm2 [9.31 GB / 0 free]
PV /dev/hdb2 VG vbirdvg lvm2 [9.31 GB / 0 free]
PV /dev/hdb3 VG vbirdvg lvm2 [10.00 GB / 10.00 GB free]
Total: 3 [28.62 GB] / in use: 3 [28.62 GB] / in no VG: 0 [0 ]
[root@linux ~]# lvextend -L +10G /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv
Extending logical volume vbirdlv to 28.62 GB
Logical volume vbirdlv successfully resized
[root@linux ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv
VG Name vbirdvg
LV UUID B6kSrg-9LMG-gqVy-jjz8-x0gM-ya9S-XLFcZN
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 28.62 GB
Current LE 7327
Segments 3
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors 0
Block device 253:0
[root@linux ~]# mount -t ext3 /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv /mnt/lvm
[root@linux ~]# df /mnt/lvm
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vbirdvg-vbirdlv
19219156 176288 18066588 1% /mnt/lvm
|
¬Ý¨ì¤F§a¡H¡H¯u¬O¶Ë¸£µ¬¡ã«ç»ò·| lv ¤w¸g¼W¥[¤F¡A¦ý¬O /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv «o¨S¦³¥[¤j©O¡H
³o¬O¦]¬°§Ú̪º ext3 ¥Dn¸ê°T¦b³Ìªì³W¹º®É¡A´N¤w¸g¼g¤J super block ¡A
¦P®É inode »P block ¼Æ¶q¤S¬O©T©wªº¡A©Ò¥H¡A³oÓ®e¶q¤j¤p·íµM¤£·|¦³ÅܤơI¨º«ç»ò¿ì¡H
¨SÃö«Y¡A§ÚÌ¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î ext2/ext3 ªº¤u¨ãµ{¦¡¨Ó³B²z¡I
[root@linux ~]# resize2fs [-f] [device] [size]
°Ñ¼Æ¡G
-f ¡G±j¨î¶i¦æ resize ªº°Ê§@¡I
[device]¡G¸Ë¸m¥N¸¹°Ú¡I
[size] ¡G¥i¥H¥[¤]¥i¥H¤£¥[¡C¦pªG¥[¤W size ªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò´N¥²¶·nµ¹¤©¤@Ó³æ¦ì¡A
Ä´¦p M, G µ¥µ¥¡C¦pªG¨S¦³ size ªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò¹w³]¨Ï¥Î¡y¾ãÓ partition¡z
ªº®e¶q¨Ó³B²z¡I
[root@linux ~]# umount /mnt/lvm
[root@linux ~]# resize2fs -f /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv
resize2fs 1.38 (30-Jun-2005)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv to 7502848 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv is now 7502848 blocks long.
[root@linux ~]# mount -t ext3 /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv /mnt/lvm
[root@linux ~]# df /mnt/lvm
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vbirdvg-vbirdlv
29540436 176288 28163696 1% /mnt/lvm
|
¼K¼K¡I¯uªº©ñ¤j¤F§a¡I¡I¦Ó¥B¦pªG§A¤w¸g¦³¶ñ¸ê®Æ¦b LVM ºÏ°Ï·í¤¤ªº¸Ü¡I
³oÓ¸ê®Æ¬O¤£·|¦º±¼ªº³á¡IÁÙ¬OÄ~Äò¦s¦b쥻ªººÏ°Ï·í¤¤°Õ¡I
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±z»¡¡A LVM ¦n¤£¦n¥Î°Ú¡I
¨Æ¹ê¤W¡A resize2fs ¤]¥i¥H¥Î¨Ó³B²z ext2/ext3 쥻 filesystem ªº¤j¤p¡C
¥i¥H¥ý¥H fdisk ³B²z¤À³Î°Ï¡A¦A¥H³oÓ resize2fs ¨Ó©ñ¤j©ÎªÌÁY¤p partition °Ú¡I
nª`·N¡A«Ý³B²zªº partition ¤£¥i±¾¸ü³á¡I
ª`·N¨Æ¶µ¡G
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¥ô°È | PV | VG | LV |
·j´M(scan) | pvscan | vgscan | lvscan |
«Ø¥ß(create) | pvcreate | vgcreate | lvcreate |
¦C¥X(display) | pvdisplay | vgdisplay | lvdisplay |
¼W¥[(extend) | ¡@ | vgextend | lvextend |
´î¤Ö(reduce) | ¡@ | vgreduce | lvreduce |
§R°£(remove) | pvremove | vgremove | lvremove |
§ïÅÜ®e¶q(resize) | ¡@ | ¡@ | lvresize |
¥t¥~¡AÁÙ»Ýn¥H resize2fs ¨Ó×qÀɮרt²Î¹ê»Úªº¤j¤p¤~¦æ°Ú¡I ^_^
¡C¦Ü©óÁöµM LVM ¥i¥H¼u©ÊªººÞ²z§AªººÏºÐ®e¶q¡A¦ý¬Onª`·N¡A
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§_«h¥¼¨ÓÁÙ¬O»Ýn¥ý¥H¶Ç²ÎªººÏºÐ¼W¥[¤è¦¡¨Ó¼W¥[«á¡A²¾°Ê¸ê®Æ«á¡A¤~¯à°÷¶i¦æ LVM ªº¨Ï¥Î°Ú¡I
µL½×¦p¦óÁÙ¬On¸ò¤j®a³ø§iªº¡A³¾ôÓ¤H»{¬° LVM ¤ñ¸û¾A¦X¥Î¦b»s§@¤@Ө㦳¼u©ÊªººÏºÐ®e¶qªºÀô¹Ò¡A
¨Ã¤£¬On»s§@¤@Ó°ª®Ä¯àªºÀx¦s³]³ÆªºÀô¹Ò¡A©Ò¥H³¾ô¦b lvcreate ®É¡A
¤~¨S¦³Á¿¨ì¦p¦ó»s§@ triped ¼Ò¦¡ªº°Ñ¼Æ°Ú¡I¦pªG¯uªº·Qn»s§@¤@Ó°ª¥i¾a©Ê¡B
°ª©Ê¯àªºÀx¦sÀô¹Ò¡A¨ºÁÙ¬O±o«µwÅé¨ÓµÛ¤â¡AÄ´¦p©³¤U§ÚÌn½Í¤@½Íªº iSCSI ªº RAID
Àx¦s¬[ºc¡AÀ³¸Ó´N¬OÓ¤£¿ùªº¿ï¾Ü³á¡I ^_^
¥t¥~¡A¦pªG§A·Qn±N LVM ²¾°£ªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò´NÀ³¸Ón¡G
- ¥ý¨ø¸ü¨t²Î¤W±ªº LVM ºÏ°Ï¡F
- ¨Ï¥Î lvremove ²¾°£ LV ¡F
- ¨Ï¥Î vgchange -a n VGname Åý VGname ³oÓ VG ¤£¨ã¦³ Active ªº¼Ð»x¡F
- ¨Ï¥Î vgremove ²¾°£ VG¡G
- ¨Ï¥Î pvremove ²¾°£ PV¡F
- ³Ì«á¡A¨Ï¥Î fdisk קï ID ¦^¨Ó°Ú¡I
¦n§a¡I¨º´N¹ê»Úªº±N³¾ôèè«Ø¥ßªº LVM µ¹¥L®³±¼§a¡I
[root@linux ~]# umount /mnt/lvm
[root@linux ~]# lvremove /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv
Do you really want to remove active logical volume "vbirdlv"? [y/n]: y
Logical volume "vbirdlv" successfully removed
[root@linux ~]# vgchange -a n vbirdvg
0 logical volume(s) in volume group "vbirdvg" now active
[root@linux ~]# vgremove vbirdvg
Volume group "vbirdvg" successfully removed
[root@linux ~]# pvremove /dev/hdb1
Labels on physical volume "/dev/hdb1" successfully wiped
[root@linux ~]# pvremove /dev/hdb2
Labels on physical volume "/dev/hdb2" successfully wiped
[root@linux ~]# pvremove /dev/hdb3
Labels on physical volume "/dev/hdb3" successfully wiped
|
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http://www.cuddletech.com/articles/iscsi/index.html
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Linux ¥D¾÷³QºÙ¬°¬O initiator ªº°Õ¡I
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- Linux ¥D¾÷¡G
- iSCSI Àx¦s³]³Æ¬[ºc¡G
- «¬¸¹¬°PROMISE M500i ¡A¨Ï¥Î iSCSI ¾÷«¬¡F
- ¨Ï¥Î 10 ÁûµwºÐ¡A1 Áû¬° spare disk¡A¨ä¾l 9 Áû°µ¦¨ RAID-5¡F
- IP¡GiSCSI Àx¦s³]³Æªº IP ¬° 192.168.10.200
- ³s±µ¨ìÀx¦s³]³Æªº±b¸¹»P±K½X¤À§O¬°¡G account/iscsipw
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1. ¥ý¶i¦æ¸ÑÀ£ÁYªº°Ê§@¡G
[root@linux ~]# cd /usr/local/src
[root@linux src]# tar -zxvf linux-iscsi-3.6.3.tgz
[root@linux src]# cd linux-iscsi-3.6.3c
2. ¶}©l¶i¦æ½sĶ»P¦w¸Ë
[root@linux linux-iscsi-3.6.3]# make clean && make
[root@linux linux-iscsi-3.6.3]# make install
# º¥ý¡A·|¦³¤@¨ÇÃö©ó®Ö¤ß¤è±ªº¬ÛÃö»¡©ú¡A³o¸Ì¬Ý¬Ý§Y¥i¡I
Note: using kernel source from /lib/modules/2.4.20-8smp/build containing
kernel version 2.4.20-8custom
Note: using kernel config from /boot/config-2.4.20-8smp
Installing iSCSI driver for Linux 2.4.20-8smp
# ¦A¨Ó¡A«h·|¦w¸Ë±Ò°Ê iSCSI ªº script ¡A¹w³]©ñ¸m¨ì /etc/rc.d/init.d/iscsi ¥h¡I
# ¦P®Éª`·N¤@¤U¡A³oÓµ{§Ç·|¦Û°Êªº¥[¤J¨ì chkconfig ªººÞ²z¶µ¥Ø·í¤¤¡A¦]¦¹¡A
# ¦w¸Ë¦nªº¦P®É¡A³oÓ iscsi ´N·|¦b¶}¾÷®É¥D°Êªº±Ò°Ê¤F¡C
The initialization script has been installed as /etc/rc.d/init.d/iscsi.
iSCSI has been set up to run automatically when you reboot.
# ¦P®É¡A·|±N§Ú̪º Linux ¥D¾÷¼ÒÀÀ¦¨¬° CISCO ªº iSCSI
# ¨ó©wªº±µ¨ü¾¹¡A¬ÛÃöªº³]©w¸ê®Æ·|³Q¼g¤J¨ì /etc/initiatorname.iscsi ·í¤¤¡C
InitiatorName iqn.1987-05.com.cisco:01.d1dbb1112d38 has already been
generated and written to /etc/initiatorname.iscsi.
# ±µ¤U¨Ó³oÓÀɮפ~¬O§ÚÌ©ÒÃö¤ßªº¡I¨º´N¬O³sµ²¨ì iSCSI Àx¦s¸Ë¸mªº³]©wÀÉ¡I
# §A¥²¶·n®Ú¾Ú§Aªº¸Ë¸m¨Óµ¹¤©¬ÛÃöªº×§ï«á¡A¥L¤~·|¶¶§Q¤u§@³á¡I
Make sure you check and edit the /etc/iscsi.conf file!
3. ¶}©l¶i¦æק諸¤u§@¡G
[root@linux ~]# vi /etc/iscsi.conf
# ¦b³oÓÀÉ®×·í¤¤·s¼W©³¤U³o´X¦æ¡Aª`·N¡A±b¸¹¡B±K½X»P IP §¡»Ý½T©w¥¿½T³á¡I
Username=account
Password=iscsipw
DiscoveryAddress=192.168.10.200
Username=account
Password=iscsipw
4. ¶}©l±Ò°Ê iscsi Åo¡I
[root@linux ~]# /etc/init.d/iscsi start
Starting iSCSI: iscsi iscsid fsck/mount
[root@linux ~]# vi /var/log/messages
iscsid[3208]: version 3.6.3.0 variant (27-Jun-2005)
iscsid[3208]: root development build created Mon Jun 27 14:34:43 CDT 2005
iscsid[3209]: INBP boot check returned this_is_inbp_boot = 0
iscsid[3212]: Connected to Discovery Address 192.168.10.200
kernel: iSCSI: bus 0 target 0 = iqn.1994-12.com.promise.target.3b.31.
4.55.1.0.0.20
kernel: iSCSI: bus 0 target 0 portal 0 = address 192.168.10.200 port
3260 group 2
kernel: iSCSI: bus 0 target 0 trying to establish session f5ad6000 to
portal 0, address 192.168.10.200 port 3260 group 2
kernel: iSCSI: bus 0 target 0 established session f5ad6000 #1 to portal
0, address 192.168.10.200 port 3260 group 2, alias VTrak M500i
kernel: scsi singledevice 0 0 0 0
kernel: Vendor: Promise Model: VTrak M500i Rev: 1122
kernel: Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 04
kernel: Attached scsi disk sda at scsi0, channel 0, id 0, lun 0
kernel: SCSI device sda: 3890624512 512-byte hdwr sectors (1992000 MB)
kernel: sda:
# ¬Ý¨ì¤F¶Ü¡H¨S¿ù¡I½T¹ê¦³³s±µ¨ì¥¿½TªºÀx¦s¦ì¸m¤F¡ã
# ¦Ó¥B®»¨ìªº¬O sda ³oӸ˸m¥N¸¹³á¡I®e¶q¥i¦³ 1992000MB ³o»ò¤j¡I
# µM«á§Ų́Ӭݬݨt²Î¬O§_¯à°÷®»¨ì³oӸ˸m©O¡H
[root@linux ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 1991.9 GB, 1991999750144 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 1899719 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
[root@linux ~]# iscsi-ls
*******************************************************************************
SFNet iSCSI Driver Version ... 3.6.3 (27-Jun-2005 )
*******************************************************************************
TARGET NAME : iqn.1994-12.com.promise.target.3b.31.4.55.1.0.0.20
TARGET ALIAS : VTrak M500i
HOST NO : 0
BUS NO : 0
TARGET ID : 0
TARGET ADDRESS : 192.168.10.200:3260
SESSION STATUS : ESTABLISHED AT Thu Nov 10 20:13:43 2005
NO. OF PORTALS : 1
PORTAL ADDRESS 1 : 192.168.10.200:3260,2
SESSION ID : ISID 00023d000001 TSIH 04
*******************************************************************************
# ¬Ý¨ì¤F§a¡H¨Ï¥Î fdisk -l ¥i¥H¬Ý¨ì¦WºÙ¬° /dev/sda ªº¸Ë¸m¡A¨Ï¥Î iSCSI
# ´£¨Ñªº iscsi-ls ¤]¥i¥H¬d¸ßªº¨ì¬ÛÃöªº¸ê°T©O¡I¯u¬O«Ü¤£¿ù°Ú¡I
5. ¤À³Î /dev/sda »P®æ¦¡¤Æ¡I
[root@linux ~]# fdisk /dev/sda
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-1899719, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-1899719, default 1899719):
Using default value 1899719
Command (m for help): w
[root@linux ~]# mke2fs -j /dev/sda1
|
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- ³]©w±¾¸ü¡G
°²³]§Úªº³o³¡ iSCSI ¥D¾÷n±¾¸ü¨ì /cluster/raid ³oӥؿý¤U¡A¨º»ò§Ú´N³o¼Ë°µ¡G
[root@linux ~]# mkdir /cluster/raid
[root@linux ~]# mount -t ext3 /dev/sda1 /cluster/raid
[root@linux ~]# df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/hda1 10080488 2950408 6618012 31% /
/dev/hda2 5036316 81172 4699312 2% /var
/dev/hda3 3020172 33492 2833260 2% /tmp
none 773736 0 773736 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 1914788196 27040372 1790482212 2% /cluster/raid
|
«Ü¦³½ì§a¡I³o¼Ë´N¯à°÷±N iSCSI ±¾¸ü¨ì§Ú̪º¾÷¾¹¤WÅo¡ã
- ³]©w¦Û°Ê±¾¸ü¡G
¤£¹L¡A¦pªG§A·QnÅý¨t²Î¦Û°Ê±¾¸ü iSCSI ¸Ë¸mªº¸ê®Æ¡A¸Ó¼g¤Jþ¸Ì¡H
·íµM¤£¥i¯à¬O /etc/fstab Åo¡ã¦]¬°¦b¸ü¤J /etc/fstab ¤§«e¡A®Ú¥»´NÁÙ¨S¦³ÅX°Êºô¸ô¡A
©Ò¥H¡A·íµM¤£¥i¯à¼g¤J /etc/fstab ¡C¦n¦b¡A§Ú̪º iSCSI ¦³´£¨Ñ¤£¿ùªº¼Ò²Õ¡A
§A¥i¥Hª½±µ×§ï /etc/fstab.iscsi ³oÓÀɮסA±N¥L³]©w¦¨¬°¡G
[root@linux ~]# vi /etc/fstab.iscsi
/dev/sda1 /cluster/raid ext3 defaults 0 0
|
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mknod /dev/usb/lp8 c 180 8
chown root:lp /dev/usb/lp8
chmod 660 /dev/usb/lp8
- ¦p¦ó¨Ï¥Î lm_sensors °»´ú¥D¾÷¤ºªº·Å«×¡A¸Ô²Ó»¡©ú¾ãÓ¨BÆJ¡H
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